570 Tin: \i:rri;iES. 



/)(//, in contradistinction to tho t&turpal at fan y//r mr/i, the source 

 of the in tei-osseous arteries of the mchieurpns. Thin ramification furnishes 

 one or more muscular twigs that usually anastomose with the other l>r:m< -In s 

 of tho posterior radial artery; and an inferior division, 1 uhirh di-,-, ii<ls in 

 the carpal arch, within the pisiform bone, to the snperior extremity of the 

 metacarpus, where it inosculates with tho radio-palmar artery, after detach- 

 ing several carpal ramuscules, tho principal of which turns round the inferior 

 bonier of the pisiform bone. 



2. On its course, numerous and fine synovial tendinous and cutaneous 

 divisions. 



3. A trunk springing from tho terminal extremity of the vessel, between 

 the two digital arteries, sometimes even from one of these, which is placed 

 at the posterior face of the principal metacarpal bone, within the two 

 branches of the suspensory ligament, and, passing upwards, soon divides into 

 two branches ; these anastomose by inosculation with the posterior intrr- 

 osseous arteries of the metacarpus, after giving off on each side two other 

 ramuscules which wind round the borders of tho middle metaearpal bone, 

 receiving the dorsal interosseous arteries, and ramify in front of the fetlock, 

 on the anterior face of the cannon bone, and in tho texture of the capsular 

 ligament of the metacarpo-phalangeal articulation (Fig. 283, 10). 



Terminal branches. These are, as we said, the digital arteries, whoso dis- 

 position almost exactly repeats that of these vessels in tho posterior limb, 

 and which have been described at page 551. 



DIFFERENTIAL CHARACTERS IN THE AXILLARY ARTERIES OF OTIIEU THAN SOLIPED ANIMALS. 



1. Axillary Arteries of Ruminants. 



These vessels comport themselves in their origin, course, and relations, as in Solipede. 

 The special characters they present in their distribution are as follows : 



1. Dorsal artery. This arises from a trunk common to it and the vertebral artery, 

 nnd usually leaves the thorax by passing above the first cos-to-vertebrul articulation. Us 

 subcostal branch proceeds directly from the above-named trunk. 



2. Superior cervical artery. This is absent, and is replaced by a branch of the dorsal 

 artery, but particularly by the superior muscular divisions of tho vertebral artery. 



3. Vertebral artery. Extremely voluminous, and terminates in the muscles of the 

 neck, after passing through the foramen of the axis ; it is remarkable for tho considerable 

 size of its spinal branches. 



4. Inferior cervical, internal and external thoracic arteries. These do not pi 

 anything worthy of special consideration, except that the lust is very voluminous in (lie 

 Ox and very slender in the SJteep, and supplies the satellite arterial branch of the 

 cephalic vein, which, in Solipeds, arises from the inferior cervical artery. 



5. Superscapular artery. This vessel appears to us to be absent in the .s'//<r;>, mid 

 its place supplied by the divisions of the inferior cervical urtery. 



6. Subscafiular artery. The scapula-humeral branch gives oil the majority of the 

 branches destined to the posterior brachial muscles. 



1. Humeral artery. The muscular arteries are of smnll size, particularly the deep 

 humeral, which is largely replaced by tho srapulo-lmmeral branch. 



8. Anterior radial artery. This comports itself similarly to that of the Horse, and 

 is liable to as frequent anomalies. 



9. Posterior radial artery. This artery follows the same course as in &>lipcds ; only 

 instead of furnishing the radio-palmar art<nj near tho carpus, at the point where it 

 becomes the collateral artery of the cannon, it gives oil' that vessel much higher, nnd n< -ar 

 HMJ upper third or middle of the fore-arm. l\ imttrotteous branch, lodged in the deep 

 chmiie] on the outside of the bones of this region, where the radius nnd ulna join, in 

 separated into two branches near the inferior extremity of that groove. Tin- anterior of 

 these ramifies on tho dorsal face of the carpus, and anastomosis with the divisions of the 





Analogous to the radio-ulnar artery of Man. 



