THE DRACIllAL OR A X 1 1. LA li Y ARTERll'^ 575 



and an external and infernal callnt- >-<il </ tin' .//-..ir i ulnnrit superior and 



/). In the lower third of tin- arm, (lit- hra'-hial artery is i-"mpris-d In-twecn 



:-:irliialis antii'iis and inner border of the hieejw ; so that, during uYxion, and- 



.iiiil fori-.-d ll'-xioM. nt" tli l"i ire-arm on the arm, in vi^orniis .-ul>ji i-ts, the 



rin-iilat .1:1 is arrested in the vessels of the lurid. 



Tlio i-ii'H it .///</// nf Man is repr. seated in the Horse by th" |.-t' riur radial artery. 

 It is directed downward and a little itiward, supposing the hand to be in a state of 

 privation ; it OToeaea the carpus in front of the trapezium and scaphoides, at the bottom 

 I" th> aii.it'Hiiv.il Miu!l'-lxix, and l)L-ncath the flexor tendons of the phalanges forms the 

 deep palmar arch, finally anastomosing with a branch of the ulnar at the hypothenar 

 rinitience. Along its course it furnishes muscular branches : the carpea nt' ri<>r : rntlio- 

 jxiiiKir, which passes outwards, and unites with a branch of the ulnar artery to form the 

 mperficial palmar artery ; the dorsalis pollicis; the carpea posterior, which concurs in 

 tin- f'.nmition of the dorsal arch of the carpus that gives origin to the dorsal interoeteoug 



hes. 



Tin- tilitiir artery, formed, in Solipeds, by the anterior radial, passes downward and 



'lit ward; it is at first covered by the great pronator muscles, great and small palmar, 



iporhVial tlexor; lower, it is only protected by the antibrachial aponuurosis and 



tin 1 skin. On the anterior face of the carpus, it passes within the pisiform bone, and 



iiiosos with the radio-palmar artery, whence results the superficial palmar arch. 



It irives rise to two recurrent arteries that ascend to receive the collateral vessels of the 



. thru to a trunk seen in animals, and which divides into the anterior and posterior 



The three arches that exist in the vicinity of the carpus, the constitution of which 

 has been already given, are distributed in the following manner : 



The superji'-inl /mlinar arch is situated at the surface of the flexor tendons; from its 



xity it emits four or five raetacarpal branches: the first reaches the external 



; of the little finger as the external collateral of that organ; the other four 



arr loli^d in the interosseous spaces, and when they reach the roots of the fingers 



thry bifurcate and constitute the external or internal collateral arteries of the five fingers. 



Thi- </'/< jt'iliit'ir arch furnishes: articular branches to the wrist, the perforating branches 



which cross tlie interosseous spaces to unite with the dorsal interosseas; the palmar 



-.tux, which join the superficial interossese before their division into collateral 



branches. Lastly, the carpal dorsal arch gives off the dorsal interossex, which receive 



perforating filaments above and below the metacarpus, and are expended in the, 



articulations and skin of the fingers. 



ARTICLE VII. PRIMITIVE (OR COMMON) CAROTID ARTERIES. 

 (Figs. 282, 14 ; 286, 1.) 



"//. These two vessels (named from *ana, the head) arise from the 

 right axillary artery, at a short distance from its origin, by a cui'iiuon 

 trunk. th: <; filnil!'-, which is detached at a very acute angle, anl is directed 

 forward buncath the inferior faco of the trachea, and above the anterior vena 

 to terminate near the entrance to the chest by a bifurcation that 

 commences the two common carotids. 



I. Knelt of these arteries afterwards ascends in the midst of an 



abundant, though dense, connective tissue, along the trachea, at first beneath 



that tube, then at its side, and finally a little behind its lateral plain-. 



carotid arrives in this way at the larynx and guttural pouch, whore it 



divide* into three branches. 



li'liitiiiii*. In its course, this vessel, independently of tin connection 

 ti it and the trachea, affects the following relations : - 



iijhout its entire length, it is accompanied by the cord th-.it results 



the union of the pneuinogastric nerve with tin- crrviril jmrtiMii ( the 



tic, and by the recurrent nerve; the latter is plue. d 1>. -low or in 



limit d' the vessel, from which it is somewhat distant in tin low, r part of 



. the first is situated &ovo or behind the artery, and lies close to 



It also corresponds : behind, in its upper two thirds, to the longns colli 



