742 '////; .v /:/, i / - 



solar plexus ami superior usophagcnl nerve, a ricli plexus, inun which arise branches 

 the liver. almmasmu, and duodenum. 



Tin- nii/ifriiyr trMiphaiji'itl m-ri-f. is chiefly distributed to the rumen. Ik To re reaching 

 the stomach, it gives several divisions to tin- plexus already iiientinned and wliieli 

 might be named the "hepatic plexus." receives a large hraii'-h from the solar plexus, 

 and sends to it a smaller one. It afterwards divides into two principal l>nmcln .-, the 

 largest of which passes along the superior lissure of the rumen, along with the vessels of 

 that organ. According to Lavoeat, this branch forms a largo plexus there, which has in 

 its centre a ganglionic enlargement, whence emanate the rnmuscules that go to the w hole 

 of the upper face, sides, and lower surface of the rumon. In the Sheep we have not found 

 a ganglion, but this does not prevent this branch from being distributed to all the parts 

 indicated by Lavoeat. 



The other braneh is very large, and situated in the omentnm until it arrives at its 

 convex border, when it leaves it to be distributed to the left side of the abomasum ; 

 while the analogous nerve from the inferior oosophageal passes more especially to the 

 right face. 



Spinal accessory. The origin of this nerve offers slight differences, which we have 

 indicated in speaking of the motor roots of the pneumogastric. With regard to its di.-- 

 trihution in the Ox, it offers the following features: At the inferior extremity of the 

 transverse process of the atlas it divides into two branches, a superior and inferior. The 

 first is a little larger than the spinal accessory of the Horse, and comports itself as in 

 that animal. The inferior branch is directed downward and backward, traverses the 

 muscle we have named the sterno-suboccipital, beneath a tendon that runs across tin- 

 muscular fibres, and arrives between that muscle and the sterno-maxillaris. At this 

 point it separates into a certain number of ramuscules, the first three or four of which 

 are slightly recurrent, and enter the upper part of the sterno-maxillaris ; the others are 

 large and directed towards the sternum, to be distributed to the latter muscle, or to it and 

 the sterno-suboccipitalis. 



These branches of the spinal accessory represent the branch which, in the Horse, parses 

 exclusively to the sterno-maxillaris. In reflecting on the distribution they oiler in the 

 Ox, we are brought to the conclusion that the tternal band, which has l>eeu described as 

 belonging to the first, forms, with the sterno-suboccipitalis, one and the same muscle 

 the analogue of the sterno-maxillaris or sterno-mastoideus of Solipeds. These two 

 muscular fasciculi are, otherwise, closely attached to each other, if not confounded near 

 their origin at the anterior prolongation of the sternum. 



Lastly, the great hypoglossal nerve, before crossing the pneumogastric, communi 

 with the first cervical by a considerable branch ; lower, it gives off a long ramuscule 

 that descends on the carotid artery. 



PIG. We need not refer to the olfactory, optic, or motor nerve of tJte eye, neither to 

 the alosso-pharyngeal, as what has been said about them in Solipeds holds good in this 

 animal. 



Trigeminal nerve. This also divides into three principal branches. The palpebro- 

 nasal ramuscule of the ophtfialmic branch anastomoses with a motor nerve of the > 

 the deep face of the external rectus muscle. The superior maxillary nerve leaves the 

 cranium by the great sphenoidal slit, and immediately enters the superior dental foramen ; 

 its orbital course is therefore very short. 



Its spheno-palatine branch passes at once below the alveolar tnberosity, where it 

 divides into several ramuscules : one, entering the palatine fissure, forms the posterior 

 palatine nerve ; the others pass into the palatine arch at various distances, to constitute 

 the middle palatine nerves ; some of them even enter the palatine canal with the anterior 

 palatine or palato-labial nerve. 



Facial. Beneath the parotid gland, this divides into several branches, of which there 

 are three principal. One is directed upwards, and passes in front of the ear; this is the 

 smallest. The second proceeds forward, crosses the masseter near the zygomntie pi 

 unites with the inferior branch, and is expended among the snborbital ramuscules of the 

 superior maxillary. The third passes downward and forward, under the parotid trlmd, 

 arrives in the intermaxillary space, is inflected in front of the masseter to become super- 

 ficial, and terminates with the middle branch. Towards the niaxillo-labialis muscle, 

 this inferior branch gives off a ramuscule to the lower lip. 



Pneummjastric. This joins the great sympathetic near the upper third of the neck, 

 and at its point of union offers a greyish enlargement resembling the gangliform plexus 

 of Man. Until the origin of the cesophageal nerves, the pneumogastric of the Pig 

 resembles that of the Horse. The latter is voluminous, and does not divide into two 

 branches immediately beyond the bronchial plexus, but at HOIW distance Inun it. 

 Numerous anastomoses exist l>etween the two re.-opha^eal nerves superior and inferior. 



