.<YMI-.\TIII:TH' .v/-: 



ganglion. Their des< ription has l>een given \vitli that of the fifth enecphalie 

 pair of n> : 



2. Cervical Portion of tie 8ye*foOk 



The cervical section of the gnnglionic chain is formed by two large 

 ganglia placed one at the top, the other at the bottom, of the neck, and united 

 to each other by an intermediate cord. 



A. SUPERIOR CERVICAL OR GUTTURAL GANGLION (Fig. 362, 1). Tin's 

 gan.ulion is a very elongated fusiform body, lying beside the int rmd carotid 

 artery, comprised with it in a particular fold of the membrane forming the 

 guttural pouch, and therefore situated in front of the transverse process of 

 the atlas, in proximity to the glosso-pharyngcal, pneumogastric, spinal, and 

 hypoglossal nerves, as well as the inferior branch of the first cervical pair. 

 All these nerves communicate with the ganglion by slender filaments, and 

 in this way form around it a veritable plexus, which has been designated the 

 l/nttnral plexus by Veterinary Anatomists. 



AFFERENT BRANCHES. These are communicating filaments belonging to 

 the nerves already enumerated. They do not possess sufficient importance 

 to merit particular mention. We may notice the existence of the filaments 

 supplied by the inferior branches of the first four cervical nerves. 



EMERGENT BRANCHES. These are: 1, Branches accompanying the 

 internal carotid artery into the cranium ; 2, A thick fasciculus which 

 reaches the origin of the three terminal divisions of the common carotid ; 

 3, Small filaments to the membrane of the guttural pouch and the wall of 

 the pharynx. 



The following are the principal anatomical characters of these three 

 orders of branches : 



a. The satellit: brandies of the internal carotid artery arise at the superior 

 extremity of the ganglion. They may vary in number. We have generally 

 found t\vo of unequal volume a posterior, and an anterior, which is the- 

 smallest. They interlace around the internal carotid in anastomosing with 

 each other, and with that vessel enter the cavernous sinus, where they form, 

 by their divisions, a little plexiform apparatus named the cavernous plejrus, 

 the diverse branches of which connect it with several of the encephalic 

 nerves. Among these brunches are remarked: 1, Some filaments joined to 

 analogous filaments from the opposite side, on the transverse anastomosis 

 which unites the two internal carotids in the cavernous sinus; 2, A branch 

 lying beside the great pctrosal nerve, and concurring in the formation of the 

 Vidian nerve, which outers the spheno-palatine ganglion; 3, A ramuseule 

 going to tin- ophthalmic ganglion, in company with fibres from the 

 ophthalmic branch of the fifth pair; 4, Several filaments passing to the 

 Gasserian ganglion; 5, Branches which mix with the fibres of the three 

 motor nerves of the eye. 



/-. The inhri<>r carotid f<i*<-!< nlm*. de.-tincd to the terminal extremity of 

 the common carotid, escapes from th<- inferior part of the guttural ganglion. 

 ,:u ntly at its origin it is only a thick cord, hut ordinarily it is composed, 

 from its commencement, of several branches bound to one another by c-m- 

 niunicating filaments. la-aching their destination, these branches meet 

 minuscules emanating from the gftOMO-phsryngM] and pneumogastric n> 

 and anastomose with them to form, around the origin d' tin- three termii al 

 branches of the common carotid, the so-culled can /.'./ {! ./';-. \\hose rami- 

 1i"utioiis almost exclusively follow the external can aid. and the greater part 

 of \\hieh are distributed to the glands and the -ilivary lohnles. In Man, the 





