CAPE COLONY AND BEITISH SOUTH AFRICA. 



85 



school-system is directed by a general super- 

 intendent of education, who is assisted by a 

 number of school-inspectors. Schools may be 

 established by any one, but, in order to receive 

 aid from the Government, must adjust their 

 course of study to that prescribed by the State, 

 and can only employ teachers having the gen- 

 eral superintendent's license. In very few 

 cases the Government aids colored schools, 

 even if they do not attain the requisite grade, 

 but these cases are very exceptional. Indeed, 

 some of the colored schools, whose number is 

 very large, occupy a front rank among those 

 of the colony with regard to efficiency. The 

 Government establishes schools only wbere 

 nobody else undertakes to do so which is of 

 very rare occurrence. The average salary of 

 a primary school-teacher is 200 to 300, 

 and that of a secondary school-teacher, 300 

 to 500. Large numbers of schools have 

 been established throughout the colony, which 

 have been supplied with teachers from Eng- 

 land and Scotland. The academy, which had 

 existed for several years in Cape Town, was 

 changed into a university in 1876. 



The administration of Cape Colony was 

 changed in 1877. Sir Henry Barkly, who has 



been Governor for some years, was replaced 

 by Sir Bartle Frere, who arrived in Cape Town 

 on March 31st, and immediately assumed the 

 authority. On May 25th, he opened the Par- 

 liament, with a speech on matters of internal 

 interest. The ministers submitted their min- 

 utes on Lord Carnarvon's Permissive Bill, i. e., 

 a bill permitting the South African colonies 

 to unite in one confederation. They were in 

 favor of the union under one Legislature, rather 

 than by confederation. The session was pro- 

 rogued by Sir Bartle Frere on August 8th. In 

 his speech he referred to the annexation of 

 the Transvaal as an important event, tending 

 to insure peace, security, and prosperity, not 

 only to the people of that country, but to South 

 Africa generally. The most important measure 

 of the session was the annexation of Griqua- 

 land "West. The pledge given by the Parlia- 

 ment in 1871, on the faith of which the British 

 Government assumed sovereignty over the 

 diamond-fields and the country of the Griqua 

 chief Waterboer, had thus been fulfilled. The 

 territory is now to be incorporated with the 

 Cape Colony, forming two new electoral di- 

 visions, returning four members to the House of 

 Assembly, and one to the Legislative Council. 



CAPE TOWN, FROM TABLE BAY. 



The disputed land claims preferred by Water- 

 boer and the early occupants of the country 

 were being investigated by Captain Warren, 

 R. E., who had already amicably settled the 

 question of the boundary-line with the Orange 

 Free State. The country situated between the 

 eastern frontier of the colony and Natal had 

 also been annexed. This embraced the chief 

 part of the territory formerly known as Caf- 

 fraria Proper, but now known as Fingoland 

 and Nomansland. It is mostly occupied by 

 natives who are not yet sufficiently advanced 

 in civilization and social progress to be ad- 

 mitted to representation in Parliament. The 

 Government, therefore, will be, as in Basuto- 

 land, under certain regulations and laws to be 

 framed by the Governor in council, but subject 

 to be repealed, altered, or varied by act of 

 Parliament. 

 In September, a war broke out between two 



native tribes in the Trans-Eei territory, the 

 Fingoes and the Gallekas, the leading tribe of 

 Amaxosa Caffres. The Fingoes had formerly 

 been reduced to slavery by the Amaxosa Caf- 

 fres; and their very name Fingoes meaning 

 dogs in the Caffre tongue shows the scorn 

 with which their victors regarded them. Un- 

 successful wars and fanatical superstition broke 

 the power of these Caffres 20 years ago. In 

 obedience to the prophecies of a seer, the whole 

 nation perpetrated, in 1857, a most extraordi- 

 nary sacrifice, which consisted in destroying 

 their cattle and corn and all their property, 

 and leaving their fields untilled. They were 

 deluded by the hope that, when this desolation 

 was completed, their dead warriors would be 

 restored to life, and the whole Caffre race en- 

 dowed with strength and beauty, riches and 

 power. A frightful famine was the result, 

 which was alleviated by the charity of the 



