DOMINION OF CANADA. 



255 



while the remainder of the band, men, women, 

 and children, are to receive each $12. There 

 is also promised to each band a present of am- 

 munition, blankets, and various miscellaneous 

 articles ; and thereafter the following annual 

 payments : To each chief, $25 ; each head man, 

 $15 ; and to all others, irrespective of age, $5 

 per head. The chiefs and head men are to re- 

 ceive, moreover, every third year, a suit of 

 clothing ; and there is to be distributed yearly 

 to each band included in the treaty ammuni- 

 tion and twine to the value of $750. The In- 

 dians are to receive agricultural implements, 

 seed grain and potatoes, cattle, and carpenters' 

 tools. The Government undertakes to estab- 

 lish a school on each reservation- when the In- 

 dians become settled and ready for instruction. 

 The Indians are guaranteed the right of hunt- 

 ing, trapping, and fishing on the ceded lands, 

 subject to such regulations as the Government 

 may devise. The Indians pledge themselves to 

 observe the conditions of the treaty, and con- 

 duct themselves as loyal subjects of the Queen. 

 They promise to obey the laws by maintaining 

 peace and order among themselves and with 



the other tribes, and also with all the subjects 

 of her Majesty, and not to molest travelers or 

 other persons. They agree to assist all officers 

 of the Queen in bringing to justice any Indian 

 guilty of violating the laws. 



The several tracts of northwest territory, as 

 surrendered by separate Indian treaties, may 

 be generally described as follows : Treaty No. 

 1, effected August 3, 1871, Province of Mani- 

 toba, 18,600 square miles. Treaty No. 2, ef- 

 fected August 21, 1871, adjoining and north- 

 west of Manitoba, 32,000 square miles. Treaty 

 No. 3, effected October 3, 1873, east of Mani- 

 toba, and extending to the limits of Ontario, 

 49,700 square miles. Treaty No. 4, effected 

 September 15, 1874, and supplementary treaty, 

 September 21, 1874, west of treaty No. 2, 

 south of South Saskatchewan, and extending 

 from Lake Winnipeg, goes southwest to the Cy- 

 press Hills, 75,700 square miles. Treaty No. 5, 

 effected September 20, 1875, and supplementary 

 treaty, September 24, 1875, embracing territory 

 generally surrounding Lake "Winnipeg, 102,000 

 square miles. Treaty No. 6, effected in 1876, 

 territory traversed by the main Saskatchewan, 



UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO. 



extending from treaty No. 5 to the Rocky 

 Mountains, 120,000 square miles. Treaty No. 

 7, effected September, 1877, embracing the 

 country between the Cypress Hills and the 

 Rocky Mountains, and extending northerly 

 from the international boundary to the south- 

 erly boundary of treaty No. 6, 51,000 square 

 miles. Total, 440,000 square miles. 



The annual report of the Postmaster-General 

 shows that the number of letters carried in 

 1877 was 45,510,000 ; postal cards, 5,450,000 ; 

 registered letters, 1,842,000 ; free letters, 1,096,- 



000 ; newspapers and periodicals, 39,000,000 ; 

 books and miscellaneous articles, 4,638,000, and 

 90,000 parcels. The income for the year was 

 $1,501,134, and the expenditures $2,075,618. 

 Nearly $7,000,000 passed through the money- 

 order office in the course of the year. The 

 number of miles of mail-travel was 15,126,676. 



There are 416 light-house stations in the Do- 

 minion, showing 509 lights. N 



The following table exhibits the commerce 

 of the Dominion, by provinces, for the year 

 ending June 30, 1876 : 



