

372 



GKEEK CHURCH. 



changed, in the course of years, by the bene- 

 ficial influence exerted by the priests. The 

 people are now convinced of the necessity of in- 

 struction, and not only children, but even grown 

 persons, attend the parochial schools, which 

 have been established in all eparchies. Of 

 these schools there were, in 1874. 7,672, with 

 193,713 scholars, of both sexes. The reorgan- 

 ization of the theological institutions of learn- 

 ing, which was begun in 1866, had been com- 

 pleted in the higher institutions (theological 

 academies) ; of the 52 secondary schools (sem- 

 inaries), 41, and of the 186 lower schools (theo- 

 logical schools), 146 had been reorganized. 



The Russian Society for the Distribution of 

 the Holy Scriptures issued its fourteenth an- 

 nual report in 1877. According to this report, 

 it had distributed 39,473 copies of the Bible 

 (3,459 more than in the year preceding), at an 

 expense of 17,592 rubles. The colporteurs 

 sent out by the society had especial success 

 among the soldiers. By an exceptional meas- 

 ure, free access was given them to the barracks 

 and camps. Of the copies distributed, 445 

 were given away in Servia, through the Society 

 of the Holy Cross, to the sick and wounded in 

 the hospitals. At the end of the year 1876 

 the society numbered 514 members. The gen- 

 eral meetings of the society were 13 ; the di- 

 rectors met weekly, under the presidency of 

 N. A. Astafess. Since the society was founded, 

 in 1863, it had distributed, through its colpor- 

 teurs, or by sale at its depositories, 487,795 

 copies of the Holy Scriptures. 



A new and revised Russian translation of 

 the Bible was completed in 1877, after twenty 

 years of patient labor. It was prepared under 

 the superintendence and with the cooperation 

 of the Holy Synod, and was fully authorized 

 by it. 



The latest information on the mission of the 

 Russian Church in Japan (see ANNUAL CYCLO- 

 PAEDIA for 1876) is given in the Missioner, of 

 Moscow. Its correspondent at Hakodadi writes 

 as follows : " Up to this time the propagation 

 of the gospel in Japan has gone on most suc- 

 cessfully in one of the provinces formerly 

 called Sendal, in the principality of Sanuma. 

 In 27 places in this province the teaching of 

 Jesus Christ has been given. Paul Savabe 

 has been laboring there. During the last three 

 months about 180 persons have been baptized, 

 and about 200 are preparing for holy baptism 

 at Easter. The Christians here support their 

 priest, and the greater part of their religious 

 teachers, of their own means. They have erect- 

 ed chapels in three cities. Father Paul, on his 

 return, will celebrate the holy Eucharist there, 

 the Archimandrite Nicholas having recently 

 sent thither all things needful therefor." 



In Austria proper there is one ecclesiastical 

 province with a metrop73litan > at Czernovitz, 

 and two bishops in the Bukowina and Dal- 

 matia. There were besides, in 1875, 343 par- 

 ishes : 2 in Vienna, 1 in Austria above the 

 Enns, 3 in the Littoral, 242 in the Bukowina, 



GRINNELL, MOSES H. 



and 95 in Dalmatia. The number of the sec- 

 ular clergy, together with the candidates for 

 the priesthood, was 454; of whom 2 were in 

 Vienna, 2 in Upper Austria, 9 in the Littoral, 

 1 in Galicia, 315 in the Bukowina, and 125 

 in Dalmatia. The number of monasteries was 

 14 : 3 in the Bukowina, and 11 in Dalmatia, to- 

 gether with 71 members belonging to them. 

 Of the total number of students in the Aus- 

 trian universities in 1876 (8,327), only 208 be- 

 longed to the Greek Church. Of these, 103 

 were in Vienna, 21 in Gratz, 2 in Innspruck, 8 

 in Prague, 13 in Cracow, and 61 in Czernovitz. 



A noteworthy fact in the Greek Church of 

 Turkey is the great progress of education both 

 among the Greek and the Bulgarian national- 

 ities, especially among the former. A work 

 recently published in Germany, under the title 

 "Macedonian Sketches" (" Mittheilungen aus 

 Macedonien "), gives some interesting informa- 

 tion on the establishment of teachers' semina- 

 ries in Macedonia, after the model of the Ger- 

 man schools of this class. The founder of 

 these institutions is Dr. Demetrios Maroulis, 

 who, after finishing his education at the Ger- 

 man universities, was for some time director of 

 the Greek gymnasium at Thessalonica, and sub- 

 sequently (1870) of that of Serre, a town in 

 Macedonia, which numbers among its 35,000 

 inhabitants about 80,000 Greeks, and has at 

 present as archbishop the learned Bryennios, 

 who has gained a world-wide reputation among 

 theological scholars by publishing, early in 

 1876, the first complete edition of the two 

 epistles of Clemens. Enthusiasm for the cause 

 of general education, and the unsatisfactory 

 condition of the elementary schools in Mace- 

 donia, induced Maroulis to resign his presi- 

 dency of the gymnasium and to devote himself 

 wholly to the cause of elementary instruction. 

 Relying entirely on private contributions, he 

 has succeeded in establishing a training-school 

 for male teachers, and subsequently another 

 one for female teachers. Already a number 

 of the pupils of these schools are laboring with 

 great acceptance in the elementary schools of 

 the province, and diffusing a new interest in 

 the cause of education among the people. 



In Egypt there are now no Orthodox metro- 

 politans, and but one bishop, who resides at 

 Cairo, as vicar to the patriarch. The members 

 of the Orthodox Church in Egypt intend urg- 

 ing upon Sophronius, the Patriarch of Alexan- 

 dria, that, as soon as may be, four metropoli- 

 tans be nominated and consecrated. Of the 

 six metropolitans occupying sees in 1870, three 

 (the bishops of Libya, Tripoli, and Gyrene) are 

 dead ; one (of Pentapolis) removed ; two (Me- 

 letius, of Thebes, and Amphilochius, of Pelu- 

 sinm) retired, the former now residing in the 

 island of Rhodes, the latter at the Sphigmenon 

 monastery on Mount Athos. 



GRINNELL, MOSES H., died in New York, 

 November 24, 1877. He was born in New 

 Bedford, Mass., in 1803, and was a brother of 

 Henry Grinnell, whose name is well known in 



