INDIA. 



389 



Total ordinary receipts 50,143,464 



War Department 1,045,618 



Department of Public Works 



Railroads 



Provincial taxes. 

 Provincial fUnds 



655,725 

 2S9,512 

 148,115 

 2518,359 



The movement of shipping for 1874-'75 

 was as follows : 



Total 52,515,788 



EXPENDITURES. 



Costs of the gross receipts 9,552,854 



Interest on the public debt 6,178,108 



Interest on the service funds 885,860 



Administration 1,426,908 



Minor departments 844,995 



Justice 8,212,447 



Police 2,180,049 



Ports 029,867 



Education 755,120 



Church 162.189 



Sanitary Department 607,972 



Foreign service 438,387 



Pensions, etc 8,653,029 



Loss by exchange 1,429,722 



Miscellaneous 763,220 



Substitutes for absent officials 229,199 



Provincial funds 44,188 



Relief of famine 595,779 



Army 15,308,459 



Public Works 4,427.238 



Railroads 214,718 



Sureties to railroad companies 1,058,628 



Total ordinary expenditures 50,346,907 



23. Extraordinary expenditures for pub- 

 lic works 4,270,629 



Total 35,117,536 



The budgets, as estimated for the years 1876 

 -'77 and 1877-'78, are as follows: 



The public debt of India on March 31, 1875, 

 was as follows : 



I. CONSOLIDATED DEBT. 



1. Payable in India 69,849,958 



2. Payable in England 43,597,083 



Total consolidated debt 118,446,991 



II. Not consolidated debt 12,046,298 



Total 180,498,284 



The values of the principal articles of im- 

 port and export for the year 1874-'75 were as 

 follows : 



On March 31, 1877, there were 6,937 miles 

 of railroad in operation. 



On March 31, 1876, there were 3,666 post- 

 offices. The number of letters sent in the year 

 preceding was 107,576,943. 



The length of the telegraph-lines on March 

 31, 1875, was 16,649 miles, and the number of 

 stations 225. In 1874-'75 the number of dis- 

 patches sent was 883,727, the receipts 203- 

 881, and the expenditures 333,731. 



On February 22d, Lady Anna Gore-Langton, 

 who had accompanied her brother, the Duke 

 of Buckingham and Chandos, to India, when he 

 was appointed Governor of Madras, delivered an 

 address on " The Social Condition of Women in 

 Southern India." She said that Indian chil- 

 dren were married at eight years of age. Na- 

 tive fathers considered it a disgrace to have 

 single girls in the family, and endeavored to 

 get them married in childhood ; but, when 

 married, they did not always go at once to 

 their husbands' homes. Although but little 

 money was expended in clothes and education, 

 the marriages were very expensive, as there 

 was great feasting ; and many families had 

 been for years impoverished by the expense. 

 Infanticide was not so prevalent as a few years 

 ago, and the Government had done much to 

 put it down. The marriages were generally 

 arranged by the old women, who went from 

 family to family to find suitable matches. The 

 men, in India, were to a great extent ruled by 

 the women, who were very conservative, and 

 had a great objection to any improvement in 

 their customs. Women of the lower class 

 worked very hard. The natives treated wid- 

 ows very badly ; their clothes and jewels were 

 taken from them, and they were made as mis- 

 erable as possible. Nothing was more painful 

 to see than the vacant, hopeless, melancholy 

 faces of the adult women, and nothing was 

 more wanted than lady-doctors, who might 

 save Indian women much suffering. Sir Salar 

 Jung had exerted himself to get a lady-doctor ; 

 but he had to send to America for one, who 

 now had a large practice among the native 

 women. 



The official account of the products of India 

 which were shown at the Centennial Exhibi- 

 tion in 1876, was accompanied by a report 

 prepared by Dr. J. Forbes Watson, of the India 

 Office, in the last twenty years, namely, from 



