422 



KEY, DAVID M. 



KRUDENER, BARON. 



men, but by turbulent persons, wbo, unwilling to 

 work themselves, sought to drive others from hon- 

 est labor, but were easily controlled by the prompt 

 efforts of the citizens of Louisville aiding the civil 

 authorities. 



In the crisis through which we are passing, true 

 patriotism, and a proper respect for law and order, 

 demand not only prudence and forbearance, but 

 firmness and resolution. Lawless men should be 

 taught that peace and order shall prevail, and that 

 honest, law-abiding men are at the front. Violence 

 and lawlessness will not benefit any person, and 

 usually prove most disastrous to the poorer classes. 



Having been asked to send troops to localities 

 where there is no unusual excitement or turbulence. 

 I feel it my duty to state that I believe the civil 

 power of the Commonwealth is at present sufficient 

 to protect all classes and quell any disturbance that 

 is apprehended, and should be invoked and ex- 

 hausted before the aid of the military is asked. I 

 therefore call on all mayors, sheriffs, and peace- 

 officers of Kentucky to be vigilant in the discharge 

 of their duties ; and I earnestly ask all good citizens, 

 by precept and example, to use every effort to avert 

 violence or excitement ; and I pledge whatever 

 power or authority I possess to aid in preserving 

 the peace and enforcing the law. 



JAMES B. McCEEAEY, Governor. 



The Legislature met for its regular biennial 

 session on the last day of the year. One of its 

 duties was the election of a United States Sen- 

 ator to succeed the Hon. Thomas 0. McOreery, 

 whose term expires March 4, 1879. After 

 several days' balloting, in January, 1878, the 

 choice fell on General John S. Williams. 



KEY, DAVID M., Postmaster-General of the 

 United States, was born in Greene County, 

 Tenn., in 1824. He was educated at Hiawas- 

 see College, and began to practise law at Chat- 

 tanooga. He commanded a Confederate regi- 

 ment during the war, and after its close he was 

 pardoned by President Johnson. In 1870 he 

 was elected a Chancellor of the State in the 

 Chattanooga circuit, and in 1872 he was an 

 unsuccessful candidate for Congress. In 1856 

 he was a presidential elector, and in 1870 was 

 a member of the State Constitutional Conven- 

 tion. In 1875, being then a Chancellor, he 

 was appointed to fill the vacancy made in the 

 United States Senate by the death of Andrew 

 Johnson. In the subsequent election of a Uni- 

 ted States Senator by the Legislature, he was 

 defeated. Of the 100 members of the Legis- 

 lature, he received the votes of 45, of whom 21 

 were Republicans and 24 Democrats. During 

 the intense excitement following the presiden- 

 tial election of 1876, and while the result was 

 in doubt, Mr. Key spoke in the Senate with 

 the greatest moderation and patriotism. In 

 his speech on the Oregon question, December 

 18, 1876, he said: " It is time that we become 

 infused with more of that charity which think- 

 eth no evil and is kind. It is time that we 

 should have that confidence which would al- 

 low us to repose trust in each other. It is 

 time for us to make our Government one of 

 law instead of force. It is-time that offenders 

 be tried and punished, and not those who are 

 innocent. The wicked should be condemned, 



and not communities or States because wicked 

 men are in them." During the presidential 

 canvass, he advocated the election of the Demo- 

 cratic candidates. In the speech just referred 

 to, he said: "Before the people of my own 

 State in the canvass lately ended, I on all occa- 

 sions indorsed the candidates of the Republican 

 party as patriotic and honest men, of whom 

 any party or country might be justly proud." 



The principles which would govern him in 

 case of being asked to become a member of a 

 Republican administration, were thus set forth 

 by Mr. Key, in a letter written to a friend, on 

 February 16, 1877: "I am ready to do all I 

 can to restore confidence and good government 

 to the people of the South This can only be 

 done by a hearty fraternization of the sections, 

 for which I have labored. If, without requir- 

 ing of me the sacrifice of my personal or po- 

 litical independence, you find that my name 

 can be used for the good of the South, in your 

 best judgment you are at liberty to use it. If 

 I were to become a member of an administra- 

 tion I should not feel at liberty to place myself 

 in opposition to its general policy, but should 

 feel bound to build it up and strengthen it in 

 the hearts of the people ; and if the tune ar- 

 rived when I could not heartily cooperate with 

 it, I should resign. As matters are in the 

 South I should be more useful to our people 

 in an independent position, and if, as I hope 

 and believe, the Administration will develop a 

 broad and liberal policy toward the people of 

 the South, I would not hesitate to incorporate 

 my fortunes and self with it." 



When Governor Hayes became President, 

 Mr. Key was nominated Postmaster-General 

 and confirmed by the Senate. 



KRUDENER, Baron NICHOLAS PATTLOVITOH, 

 a Russian general, was born in 1811. He en- 

 tered the military service in 1828, studied in 

 the School of Engineers and in the Imperial 

 Military Academy, entered the general staff in 

 1836, and in 1849, with the rank of colonel, 

 was appointed quartermaster- general of the 

 Grenadiers. In 1859 he was made a major- 

 general, and received the command of the 

 Volhynian Life-Guards. With this regiment 

 he took part in the suppression of the Polish 

 insurrection, was appointed to the command 

 of the 27th Infantry Division in 1863, was cre- 

 ated a lieutenant-general in 1865, and in 1876 

 was appointed to the command of the 9th 

 Army Corps. His success at Nicopolis, on July 

 15, 1877, was followed by his disastrous defeat 

 at Plevna on July 30th. In consequence of 

 this defeat he was removed from the command 

 of the operations against Plevna, but retained 

 that of the 9th Army Corps. According to his 

 statement, his defeat was due to the Grand- 

 Duke Nicholas, who had given him orders to 

 attack Plevna without delay, supposing that 

 Osman Pasha had at the most 27,000 men, 

 while Krudener had positive information that 

 the Turkish army was fully 50,T)00 strong. 



