PERSIA. 



63? 



Luzerne County, where the miners, under the 

 prevailing excitement, struck on the 25th of 

 July, and stopped all trains upon the roads 

 running through that region ; and at Scranton, 

 on the 1st of August, a large body of men en- 

 deavored to drive the workmen out of the rail- 

 road shops and factories. In this attempt they 

 were met and defeated by the mayor and his 

 posse; but not without a fierce conflict, in 

 which the mayor was severely injured, three of 

 the rioters were killed, and a number wounded. 

 After the beginning of November, all manifes- 

 tations of lawlessness had disappeared, and all 

 troops withdrawn. 



The State's expenditure on account of the 

 military force employed to suppress these July 

 riots, for pay, sustenance, and transportation 

 of troops, is estimated to exceed $700,000. 



The engineers selected *by the Joint Com- 

 mission of Pennsylvania and New York to 

 survey the boundary line between the two States 

 afresh, and, if necessary, rectify it, began their 

 work in June, 1877, and prosecuted it till after 

 the middle of October, when it was suspended 

 for the season. The newly surveyed line be- 

 gins at the stone set up on an island in the 

 Delaware as the northeast corner of Pennsyl- 

 vania and the southwest corner of New York, 

 and ends at a point three miles distant from 

 the Allegheny County line, where the 119th 

 milestone has been set. This is about one- 

 half of the whole extent of the boundary. The 

 new line thus far varies but little from the old 

 one, most of the milestones set up in 1786 

 having been found. Some of them, that were 

 not so firm and well protected as the others, 

 have been reset. 



The slight deviations of the new line from 

 the old one are yet sufficient to cause remarka- 

 ble changes. 



The village of Waverly, till now regarded to 

 be all in Pennsylvania, is passed through and 

 divided into two unequal portions by the new 

 line, which gives one of them to New York. 

 The change made here by the new boundary 

 has been accepted by the local authorities of 

 Waverly, and is an accomplished fact already. 

 Lawrenceville, and the people in it, considered 

 as forming part of Tioga County in Pennsyl- 

 vania, are now transferred to Chenango County 

 in New York, and vice versa. Ceres, formerly 

 believed to be in New York, is now located in 

 Pennsylvania. 



PERSIA,* a country of Asia. Reigning 

 sovereign, Nasr-ed-Din, Shah of Persia, born 

 1830, succeeded his father, Shah Mohammed, 

 September 10, 1848. Heir-apparent, Muzaffer- 

 ed-Din, born in 1850. The area of Persia ia 

 estimated at 637,000 square miles. The popu- 

 lation, which for some time had been on the 

 decline, is now reliably reported as again in- 

 creasing, and amounting to from 6,000,000 to 

 7,000,000. 



* For an account of the rellirions statistic*, the political 

 divisions, and the Imports and export*, e AWITOAI. CTCLO- 



for 1874. 



The ministry formerly consisted of only two 

 functionaries, the Vizier-i-Azem, or grand- viz- 

 ier, and the Ameen-ed-Doulah, or lord-treas- 

 urer; but in more recent times it has been 

 divided into a larger number of departments, 

 after the European fashion. In 1876 it con- 

 sisted of the following members: Yussuf Khan, 

 Prime Minister ; Hussein Khan, formerly grand- 

 vizier, Minister of Foreign Affairs and War and 

 Commander-in-chief of the Army ; Mirza Yus- 

 suf Khan, President of the Council, and Min- 

 ister of the Interior and of Finances; Prince 

 AH Kuli Mirza, uncle of the Shah, Minister of 

 Worship and of the Mines ; General Ali Kuli 

 Khan, Minister of Telegraphs ; Mirza Ali Khan, 

 Private Secretary of the Shah and Minister of 

 Posts; Mohammed Rahim Khan, Minister of the 

 Royal House ; Ali Riza Khan, Minister of Jus- 

 tice ; Hassan Ali Khan, Minister of Public 

 Works ; Mirza Abdul Wahab Wahab Khan, 

 Minister of Commerce. 



CITY GATK, TABI 



In 1876 the receipts amounted to 84,720,000 

 francs hi money and 6,360,000 francs in prod- 

 uce (300 kilogrammes of grain being valued at 

 15 francs), making a total of 41,080,000 francs. 

 Of this sum, 81,000,000 franca were direct 

 taxes, ground, head, and industrial taxes, and 

 6,000,000 francs customs duties. The expenses 

 amounted to 40,000,000 francs, of which 16,- 

 960,000 francs were for the army, 7,680,000 

 for the court, 6,000,000 francs for the clergy, 

 2,000,000 for presents to the first families, tho 

 Afghans and others, 700,000 for foreign af- 

 fairs, 1,500,000 for the other ministries, and 

 the rest for other expenditures. There ii no 

 public debt. 



According to the law of 1875, the soldier* no 

 longer serve for lifetime, but only for 12 year*, 

 and the right of providing substitutes is grunt* 

 This new law has been introduced as yet ID a 

 few provinces only, but will shortly be ex- 

 tended over the whole kingdom, 

 infantry (Nizam) consists of ten divisions, oi 

 ten regiments each. Each regiment uliall col 

 sist of 830 men; and the entire infantry, tn 

 fore of 88,000 men. In times of peace not 

 than 30 regiments are generally kept ; at pre 

 ent, however, 84 have been called in. The r*g- 



