692 



SEE VIA. 



SHUVALOFF, COUNT PETER. 



to agree to the treaty, stating that Turkey 

 would not renew the armistice if the offer was 

 rejected. M. Ristitch then read the conditions 

 of peace. Some of the deputies interrupted 

 the reading, and asked if Seryia was conclud- 

 ing peace with the knowledge and consent of 

 Kussia. The majority of the members silenced 

 the interruptions, and M. Ristitch declared that 

 the war hegau with the consent of the previ- 

 ous Skupshtina, and that peace would be con- 

 cluded with the full consent of Russia. The 

 conditions of peace were as follows : The fron- 

 tier lines remain as before the war. The con- 

 dition of the Jews being an internal matter, the 

 Turks would not insist upon the further dis- 

 cussion of the subject. The Turkish flag will 

 be hoisted on the Servian fortresses by the 

 side of the Servian ensign. The residence of 

 the Turkish agent at Belgrade remains an open 

 question, to be subsequently arranged between 

 the Servian and Turkish Governments. The 

 Turks are to commence evacuating the Servian 

 territory, and to complete the evacuation with- 

 in twelve days. The Skupshtina voted affirm- 

 atively upon every article. At the conclusion 

 of the vote the Prince congratulated the as- 

 sembly on the completion of their labors, and 

 declared the mission of the Great Skupshtina 

 to be at an end. M. Ristitch then read the 

 Prince's decree dissolving the assembly, which 

 produced a sensation among the deputies, hut 

 they obeyed it. The ministry thus achieved a 

 decided success in getting rid of the deputies 

 without giving them an opportunity of asking 

 any embarrassing questions they had prepared. 

 The treaty of peace was signed at Constanti- 

 nople on March 1st. 



The Skupshtina was opened on July 2d by 

 Prince Milan. In his speech from the throne 

 he referred to the war of 1876, and said that 

 in concluding peace in the beginning of the 

 year he had transferred the cause of the Ori- 

 ental Christians into stronger hands, and that 

 even at the present time the flags of the vic- 

 torious Czar were floating on the Servian bor- 

 der. He referred to his visit to the Czar at 

 Ployeshti, and said that the latter had assured 

 him of his interest in and care for the Servian 

 nation. He said nothing, however, of his re- 

 lation to the Porte, nor of Servian neutrality. 

 The sessions of the Skupshtina were held at 

 Kraguyevatz with closed doors, and were 

 guarded by large bodies of troops, so that 

 but little of its transactions became known. 

 This little, however, sufficed to show that 

 stormy scenes were of frequent occurrence, 

 and that the Government met with a strong 

 opposition. Having sanctioned the military 

 measures proposed by the Government, and 

 having rejected the proposition to pay no more 

 tribute to the Porte, the Skupshtina was closed 

 in the latter part of July. The Prince im- 

 mediately ordered the mobilization of the first 

 class of the militia, while the standing army 

 was sent to the frontier. 



In August, the ministry, which had resigned 



in the latter part of December, 1876, but had 

 been at that tune induced by the Prince to re- 

 tain office during the pending negotiations with 

 Turkey, again offered its resignation, which 

 was this time definitely refused by the Prince. 



In the latter part of August it seemed as if 

 Servia was about to resume the war against 

 Turkey. Troops were sent to the front, all the 

 commanders were ordered to their posts, while 

 in Belgrade ministerial councils were held al- 

 most daily under the presidency of Prince Mi- 

 lan, to consider the question of peace or war. 

 The relations with Turkey grew more warlike 

 every day, until, on December 14th, Prince 

 Milan again declared war. (See TUEKEY.) 



SHACHOVSKI, Prince ALEXIS, was born in 

 1812, and belongs to a family which traces its 

 direct descent in the male line to Rurik, the 

 founder of Russia. Prince Shachovski did not 

 enter the army until 1837, being then 25 years 

 old. He served with distinction in the Cau- 

 casus, was appointed major-general in the 

 suite of the Emperor in 1860, lieutenant-gen- 

 eral in 1868, and in 1876 received the command 

 of the llth Corps. In the second battle of 

 Plevna, which resulted so disastrously for the 

 Russians, he commanded the left wing. After 

 this unfortunate action his name was no longer 

 mentioned. He was but the nominal com- 

 mander of the llth Corps, which was divided 

 among different posts at the seat of war. 



SHERMAN, JOHN, Secretary of the Treasury 

 of the United States. He was born at Lancas- 

 ter, Ohio, May 10, 1823, and is a younger 

 brother of General W. T. Sherman. He was 

 admitted to the bar in 1844, and became a part- 

 ner of his brother, Charles T. Sherman, after- 

 ward Judge of the United States District Court. 

 He was a delegate to the Whig conventions of 

 1848 and 1852. In 1854 he was elected a mem- 

 ber of the 34th Congress, and was reflected to 

 the 35th and 36th Congresses. He was the 

 Republican candidate for Speaker in the 36th 

 Congress, and, after a protracted contest, failed 

 of election by one or two votes. He was then 

 made chairman of the Committee of Ways and 

 Means. In 1860 he was again elected to Con- 

 gress, but in 1861 he was chosen to succeed 

 Salmon P. Chase in the United States Senate. 

 He was reflected Senator in 1867 and in 1878. 

 During his entire Senatorial career he was 

 chairman of the Committee on Finance, and 

 served also on the Committees on Agriculture 

 (of which he was chairman), the Pacific Rail- 

 road, the Judiciary, and the Patent Office. 

 When the doubt concerning the Presidential 

 election of 1876 began to clear away, public 

 opinion, with marked unanimity, centred upon 

 Senator Sherman as the probable man for Sec- 

 retary of the Treasury, and for this position he 

 was selected by President Hayes. 



SHUVALOFF, Count PETER, the Russian 

 embassador in London, is considered, like Gen- 

 eral Ignatieff, one of the foremost diplomatists 

 of Russia, and is now 49 years old, having been 

 born in 1828. Although not advancing as 



