778 



INDEX OF CONTENTS. 



which it is done, 88, 89; new metals discovered, 90; 

 sensitiveness or silver salts, 91; new acids, 91; esti- 

 mation of alcohol in -a watery mixture, 92; deter- 

 mination of copper, 93; theory of the formation of 

 saline deposits, 92; new method of preventing sur- 

 face ozidation of iron, 93; reducing action of native 

 sulpburets, 93; qualitative determination of native 

 potassa, 93; artificial production of corundum, 93; 

 purification of hydrogen, 94; sources and determina- 

 tion of the proteids, 94; new process for the detec- 

 tion and determination of thein, 95; new unit of light 

 for photometry, 96; salicylic acid as an antiferment 

 of wine, 97. 



C&itt. Boundaries, 97; President and cabinet, 97; Coun- 

 cil of State, 97; public officers, 97; army, 97; national 

 guard, 97; navy, 97; revenue, 97; budget, 98; foreign 

 debt, 98; internal loan, 98; foreign commerce, 98; 

 value of exports and imports to and from the United 

 States, 98; postal treaty with Great Britain, 98; edu- 

 cation, 99; expenses, 99. 



China. Emperor, 99; area and population, 99; foreign 

 trade, 99; share of England, 99; foreign residents, 

 100; severe famine, 100; reports, 100; methods of re- 

 lief, 100 ; Sungarian revolt, 101 ; war, 101 ; edict 

 against the use of opium, 101; railroad from Shang- 

 hai to Woosnng, 102; opening new ports, 102; con- 

 ference of Protestant missionaries, 102; papers read, 

 102. 



Christian Connection. Conferences, 103; statistics, 103. 



CLIFFORD, Judge NATHAN. Member and President of 

 the Electoral Commission, 164; on receiving testi- 

 mony, 201. 



Coal. Production In 1877, 103; Pennsylvania mines, 104; 

 production of anthracite, 104; coal production of the 

 United States, 104; state of the anthracite trade, 104; 

 low prices, 105; season contracts, 105; Philadelphia 

 & Reading Railroad Company, 105; course of the 

 trade, 105; annual production throughout the world, 

 106. 



Colombia. Boundaries, 106; President and cabinet, 106; 

 officers of States, 106; national finances, 106; na- 

 tional debt, 106; present condition of Colombia, 106; 

 army, 107; public instruction, 107; commerce, 108; 

 end of the revolution, 108. 



Colorado. Election, 108; valuation of property, 108; de- 

 cision on the powers of the Board of Equalization, 

 108; extension of Central Railroad. 108; State Unl 

 versity, 198; State government, 109; debt, 109; taxes, 

 109; new counties, 109; mines and products, 109; 

 miles of railroad, 109; public instruction, 109. 



Commerce, International. Crisis in the commercial 

 world, 109; causes, 109; social, natural, political, 

 109; effect on Great Britain, 109; shrinkage of 

 French foreign trade, 110; collapse of speculative 

 enterprise in Austria and Germany, 110; new mar- 

 kets sought by England and Germany, 110; changes 

 of commercial treaties, 110; exports of different 

 countries before the stagnation, 110; report of the 

 British Commissioners of Customs, 110; gloomy 

 forebodings of the English mind, 111; decline of the 

 trade, 111; decline of the exports and increase of tho 

 imports, 111; chronicle of London prices in 1877; 

 the financial ebb in France, 112; speculative occu- 

 pations, 112; change in the habits of daily consump- 

 tion, 112; diminished capacity for consumption, 112; 

 imports of raw materials and exports of manufac- 

 tures from France and England In three years, 118; 

 increase of French foreign commerce, 113; further 

 details of French commerce, 114; French, commer- 

 cial treaty, 114; foreign trade of Italy, 114; the se- 



vere financial crisis in Portugal, 114; causes of the 

 financial crisis in Germany and Austria, 115; specu- 

 lations, 115; a swift collapse, 115; its effects, 116; 

 commercial relations of Sweden and Norway, 116; 

 returns of the Russian Finance Bureau, 116; in- 

 crease of exports from India and new industries, 

 117; foreign trade of Japan, 117; gradual extension 

 of the Chinese foreign trade, 117; improvement in 

 the industrial condition of the countries of South 

 and Central America, 117; foreign trade of Mexico 

 and the West Indies, 118; effect of the war on the 

 European stock market, 118; rationale of gold move- 

 ments between England and other countries, 118; 

 effect of the decline in the silver market, 119; effect 

 of the Eastern war on the wheat market, 119; the 

 extent and sources of the supply of wheat imported 

 into England, 119; depression of the cotton industry, 

 120. 



Commerce (Foreign) of the United States. A. period of 

 commercial stagnation and contracted consumption, 

 120; export and import trade, 120; extent of the en- 

 tire foreign commerce for seven years, 121; excess 

 of exports over imports, 121; unmanufactured ex- 

 ports, 121; superiority of American manufactures, 

 121; values of different classes of merchandise ex- 

 ported and imported, 122, 123; the principal national 

 markets of some of the classes of exports, with the 

 quantities taken, 124; the European customers for 

 manufactured articles, 125; cause of the reduction in 

 the value of imports, 125; decline in certain articles, 

 125; wool clip of the United States, 126; share of each 

 country In the export and import commerce of the 

 United States, 126; large trade with the neighboring 

 countries on the American continent, 127; the unre- 

 ported trade to Canada, 127; different degrees of in- 

 timacy in the commercial relations of the United 

 States with different countries, 127; interest of the 

 United States in the total foreign trade of Great 

 Britain, 127; trade with Great Britain, 128 ; American 

 trade with Germany, 128; ditto with France, show- 

 ing an adverse balance, 128; tabular survey of the 

 commercial relations of the United States with other 

 countries, 129; returns of the Bureau of Statistics, 

 180. 



Committee. In the Senate, relative to counting the elec- 

 toral vote, 137 ; ditto in the House, 187. 



Cbnffregationalists. Statistics, 130 ; Congregational 

 Union, 130; Home Missionary Society, 130 ; Associ- 

 ation, 130 ; Education Society, 131 ; National Council, 

 131; Publishing Society, 181; foreign missions, 131; 

 theological seminaries, 131; the Bible In schools, 132; 

 monument to John Robinson, 132; Union of Ontario, 

 132; British Congregationalists, 133; statistics, 133 ; 

 Union of England and Wale?, 183 ; annual meeting, 

 133 ; London Missionary Society, 184 ; Colonial do., 

 134; American Board of Commissioners, 184 ; statis- 

 tics of missions, 135; churches in France, 185; do. 

 Switzerland, 135. 



Congress, United States. Second session of Forty-fourth, 

 136; message, 136 (see Public Documents in this vol- 

 ume). 



In the House, resolution relative to counting the 

 electoral vote, 187; referred, 187; substitute reported 

 by the committee, 137 ; resolution adopted, 137; re- 

 solution passed by the Senate, 137; Senate Commit- 

 tee, 187 ; House Committee, 187. 



In the Senate, report of joint committee on count- 

 Ing the electoral vote, 137; bill submitted with report, 

 137 ; the bill, 187, 188 ; report of committee, 139; with 

 amendments proposed to the Constitution relative to 



