CONTENTS 



PAGE 



He defends patents because they represent the very substance of the in- 

 ventor''! own mind ; ...... 86 



and he attributes the modern improvement in steel manufacture to Sir 



H. Bessemer ....... 87 



So much, then, being established, we must consider two difficulties 



suggested by it . . . . . . .88 



CHAPTER IV 



THE GREAT MAN AS DISTINGUISHED FROM THE PHYSIO- 

 LOGICALLY FITTEST SURVIVOR 



It may be objected that modern sociology does not, as here asserted, 

 neglect the great man, for it adopts the doctrine of the survival of 

 the fittest ........ 89 



It may be asked, on the other hand, what place the great man has in 



an exclusively evolutionary theory of progress . . . 90 



The fittest survivor is not the same as the great man ... 90 



He plays a part in progress, but not the same part . . . 90 



The fittest men, by surviving, raise the general level of the race, and 



promote progress only in this way . . . .91 



The great man promotes progress by being superior to his contemporaries 92 



The movement of progress is double ; . . . . -93 



one movement being very slow, the other rapid 93 



The survival of the fittest causes the slow movement ... 93 



The rapid movement is caused by the great man 95 



Next, as to evolution what does the word mean ? . . -95 



Its great practical characteristic, as put forward by Darwin, is that it is 



opposed to the doctrine of design, or divine intention ; . .96 



and yet, according to Darwin, species resulted from the intention of 



each animal to live and propagate .... 96 



Species, therefore, according to the evolutionist, is the result of inten- 

 tion, but not the result intended ..... 97 



Evolution, in fact, is the reasonable sequence of the unintended . 97 



This is as true of social evolution as it is of biological ... 97 



Many of the social conditions of any age result from the past, but were 



intended by nobody in the past ; . . . . .98 



for instance, many of the social effects of railways and cheap printing . 98 



