1 4 2 ARISTO CRA CY AND E VOL UTION 



Book ii in a light so obvious that it requires no explana- 

 tion. These three kinds of activity are the military, 

 the political, and the religious. The great soldier, 

 as has been said already, is essentially the great 

 commander the man who makes others act and 

 group themselves in a specific way. The statesman 

 not only aims at benefiting his countrymen gener- 

 ally, but he achieves his aim by the same means 

 as the soldier, namely, by influencing the actions of 

 others in certain specific respects ; whilst the man 

 who is socially great in the domain of morals and 

 religion is the man whose teaching and example 

 affect the actions, and even the inmost feelings, of 

 multitudes, or gives precision to their faith. 



But here, having reduced to a truism this import- 

 ant truth that the great man, as an agent of social 

 progress, is great only because he is able to exercise 

 Greatness, a specific influence over others, it is necessary to 

 inau V case! not turn our attention to a different order of facts alto- 

 Uy bene gether. Greatness, as we have seen already, is of 

 very many kinds. It is a varying compound of 

 various and variously developed qualities ; and 

 its degree is measured by its efficiency in pro- 

 ducing this or that result by which society is 

 benefited. But greatness, in the sense of excep- 

 tional power of so influencing others that some 

 given result shall be produced by them, has other 

 varieties besides those that have been already men- 

 tioned. Each domain of progress has not only its 

 own leaders, but it has leaders who desire to lead 

 men in very different directions. There are scientists 



