CHAPTER III 



EQUALITY OF EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITY 



THE two great facts, then, that have been elucidated 

 by our inquiry thus far, are these : in the first place, 

 all progress and civilisation, and more especially all 

 production of wealth, results from a complicated 

 process in which, man for man, a minority plays a 

 part incalculably greater than the majority ; and 

 consequently, in the second place, the minority, man 

 for man, possesses wealth that is correspondingly 

 greater than the wealth of the majority, likewise. 

 In addition to these facts a third has been elucidated 

 also, to which it is desirable that we should give 

 renewed attention. Since great men not only pro- 

 The'weaithy duce wealth directly, but produce it indirectly by 

 producing wealth which produces it, and which they 



always much enabled to hand on to their children, the 



more numerous 



than the great wealthy class is at any particular moment always 



men actually * . 



engaged at any more numerous than those members of it who are 



production. 1 engaged actually in production. In Great Britain, 



for example, it has been estimated that two-thirds of 



the aggregate income that pays income tax is rent 



or interest on capital, and that one-third represents 



