88 ORA1TGE CULTURE IN CALIFORNIA. 



near base, from which a sharp spine issues. He has never no- 

 ticed this in any other scale insect. 



Female Scale. Form round or circular, flattened slightly, 

 rising towards center; of from a reddish to a blackish-brown 

 color, paler at margin ; measuring from four-hundredths to 

 twelve-hundredths of an inch in diameter; in the center is a 

 slight depression, in larger specimens two-hundredths to three- 

 hundredths of an inch in diameter, and of a bright golden yel- 

 low, with a small brown cap. 



REMEDY. 



He says Mr. G. M. Holmes, of Orlando, Orange county, 

 Florida, wrote to him, forwarding him specimens of the Chrysom- 

 phalusficus (the red scale). He keeps his trees in very healthy 

 condition and thrifty growth, as he has a large drove of cattle, 

 and can cow-pen them. In his experiments for the removal of 

 the red scale he had been most successful in the use of strong 

 brine of salt and water, applied twice at intervals of two weeks. 

 It is heroic treatment and takes the leaves off, but the scale 

 comes with them, and if done just prior to a growing season, 

 they soon send out a luxuriant new growth, and seem more 

 healthy than before. He thinks potash mixed with salt and 

 water would be an improvement. 



Mr. G. B. Grandin, of this county, has been experimenting 

 with bisulphide of carbon as a remedy for the red scale. Mr. 

 Grandin uses the remedy under a tent. ( I believe there is a 

 patent on this method.) I understand that the results with this 

 remedy, applied in this manner, have been somewhat varied. 

 Some think it will be effective, while others are doubtful. 



There is no other insect or parasite of which I have any 

 knowledge that attacks our orange trees; hence I close this 

 chapter with the admonition, watch your trees closely and dili- 

 gently, and remove every appearance of evil from your orchards, 

 which evil is, the advent of the red and the white scalebugs. 



