120 ORANGE CULTURE IN CALIFORNIA. 



killed close down to the two-year-old wood, but no trees were 

 killed. Our trees eight years old, wood well matured before 

 winter, show no effects of the extreme cold. We have about 

 two thousand orange trees from three to eight years old. 



Third Trees planted on deep, rich, alluvial soil, with slight 

 fall northwardly from the banks of Puta creek. 



Fourth Present appearances of our orange and lemon trees, 

 after having passed through a winter so unusually cold, convince 

 me that the culture of the citrus family will be a success in the 

 upper central portions of the State. I have tor twenty-five years 

 been a fruit grower in this State. 



Napa County Hon. M. M. Estee, Napa : 



First The lowest reading of the thermometer at my farm, 

 two and a half miles from Napa City, Napa Valley, during this 

 winter, was twenty degrees above zero, and this was the lowest 

 temperature among my orange trees. 



Second I have one hundred orange and six lemon trees on 

 my farm. Orange trees more than five years old, uninjured. 

 Trees one, two and three years old were more or less frozen. 

 Some of the young trees will lose all their leaves ; others of the 

 same size and age, standing near by, are left unhurt. None are 

 killed, though some of the young and tender shoots were killed 

 no other branches killed. My lemon trees did not fare so well. 

 Though they are not killed, there does not seem to be a green 

 leaf left on them. Very few of the branches are injured, yet the 

 ends of some of them will doubtless die. The fruit on all my 

 large trees which have any fruit is perfect and of good flavor. 

 I think the effects of the frost will not be noticeable by the first 

 of May. 



Third My trees are planted on land about fifty feet above 

 the level of Napa Valley. They vary in age from one to ten 

 years. Some of the ten-year-olds have grown on the place from 

 seed ; others have been brought from Los Angeles. 



Fourth I doubt not that oranges and lemons can be success- 

 fully grown in Napa Valley. The young trees will, of course, 

 require protection such a winter as this ; but my experience is 

 that orange trees from four to five years old are of the right age 

 for transplanting. Younger trees do not do so well, nor wil 



