ORANGE CULTURE IN CALIFORNIA. 127 



feet above Pleasant Valley proper, in what I call a favored spot. 

 I set out one hundred trees in 1877 and seventy-five orange and 

 twenty-five lemon in 1878, at one year old. 



Fourth Nearly all the young orange and lemon trees in this 

 vicinity have been damaged more or less in the valley, but not 

 in the hills. 



Sacramento Cottnty Peter Hanson, Isleton: 

 First I did not notice the thermometer, but saw ice half an 

 inch thick on still water. 



Second No damage has been done to orange trees in this 

 vicinity. So far as I have seen, only the points of the young 

 shoots are nipped. The older leaves and stems are as bright 

 as before the frost. 



Third On low ground. Trees from three to six years old. 

 Fourth The frosts of previous winters have not been so se- 

 vere as they have this winter. The trees need no protection here. 

 El Dorado County W. C. L. Drew, El Dorado: 

 First From ten to twelve degrees below freezing point eve/y 

 night for several weeks. 



Second Very few of the citrus family have, up to this time, 

 been cultivated in this section. After a careful examination, I 

 do not think the trees are materially injured. Young shoots 

 were killed ; but wood of one or more seasons' growth was in- 

 jured very little, if any. Tender leaves were burned on some 

 tree's. 



Third Specimens examined were selected on both high and 

 low ground; very slight difference in degree of injury; age, one 

 to five years ; oldest least injured. 



Fourth It has generally been conceded that our section was 

 too cold for the citrus family. Experiments have demonstrated, 

 however, that they can be quite successfully grown if slightly 

 protected. A high fence on the north would be quite sufficient 

 protection. A smoke fire might be necessary a few nights in 

 spring. In several instances, when so protected, they have 

 borne fruit. What makes me more certain of this is the result 

 of examinations of eucalyptus trees in the San Joaquin Valley. 

 These trees Were greatly injured by frost. They are hardly 

 touched in our section, except that the tips were burned on trees 



