as not to be easily cut through with the usual peat-spade. These 

 trees are generally oaks, alders, willows, and firs, besides some others 

 not easily to be known. The small roots are generally perished ; 

 but yet have sufficient signs to show, that the trees were torn up by 

 the roots, and were not cut down, there being no sign of the axe or 

 saw ; which, had they been felled, would have been plainly visible. 



No acorns are found in the peat, though many cones of the fir 

 tree are, and also a great number of nut-shells. They are all of a 

 darkish colour; and the nuts are hollow within, and some of them 

 have a hollow at the broad end. 



A great many horns, heads and bones of several kinds of deer, 

 the horns of the antelope, the heads and tusks of boars, the heads 

 of beavers, &c. are also found in it i and I have been told, says the 

 learned gentleman who transmitted the account to the Royal So- 

 ciety, that some human bones have been found, but I never saw 

 any of these myself, though I have of all the others. 



Mr. Aikin, whose Journal of his Tour through North Wales is 

 replete with most interesting and useful remarks, speaking of the 

 vallies among the mountains of Llangynnog, Cader-Ferwyn, and 

 Sylattyn in North Wales*, says, the soil is peat, a yard or more in 

 depth, lying upon a thin stratum of rounded pebbles, chiefly quartz, 

 with some schistus ; the bottom of the bogs is a grey clay, formed, 

 probably, from the decomposition of the rock. Near Aberdovey, in 

 Merionethshire, he observed a considerable peat-moss, extending 

 along the shore to Tomyn, reaching into the sea to an unknown 

 extent, from which the inhabitants dig their fuel. 



Whole bodies of trees, according to the relation of Dr. Gerard 

 Beate, are frequently found, in Ireland, by the turf diggers, very 

 deep in the ground. And it is worthy of observation, he says, that 

 trees and trunks of trees, are in this manner found, not only in the 

 wet bogs, but even in the heathy ones, or red bogs ; as in that by the 



* Page 92. 



