district of Richmond, in Shropshire, and Leicestershire, and in al- 

 most the whole of the northern quarter of the island, the coal 

 approaches in its appearance very nearly to bitumen which has 

 merely suffered induration. 



In Lancashire, near to Pendle Hill, is obtained a species of the 

 Cannel coal. In Durham the coal is so-near to the surface of the 

 earth, that the wheels of the carriages lay it open to day, in such 

 a quantity, as to be sufficient for the use of the neighbourhood, 

 and to become a valuable branch of income. 



At Widrington, near Berwick, bordering upon Scotland, is a coal 

 pit, the Strata of which, according to Mr. Stracy, are thus dis- 

 posed. A bed of clay of four yards in depth is first dug through, 

 when a seam of coal is found about six inches in thickness. The 

 next two fathom are filled by strata of free- stone, whin-stone, and 

 potters earth ; then appears a stratum of soft white-stone, and then 

 coal for about three feet and nine inches in thickness*. 



At Auchenclaugh, six miles to the east of Kylsyth, there is a coal 

 mine eighteen feet in thickness. 



At Mall-traeth Marsh, about the midway between the sea and 

 the farthest inland points of the marsh, they find, whilst digging for 

 coals, a perfect sea shore, with all the marks of it as pebbles, shells, 

 &c. under five or six yards of pure sand-j-. 



In Scotland, wheYe the coal exists very plentifully, it is in general 

 of an exceeding good quality, being, like the Cannel coal of Lan- 

 cashire, almost purely bituminous. 



In a quarry about a quarter of a mile above Roslin, and also near 

 Auchindinny, upon the north side of the river, is a regular, conti- 

 nuous seam of coal, only about an inch, or an inch and a half thick, 

 with very strong thick beds of post stone above ; and there are also 

 several thick seams of coal, both above and below this thin one. 



* Philos Transact. 1725. J Rowland's Monae Antiqua, p. 16, 



