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several varieties. It appears that America produces also bears different 

 from the common black. One is described of an enormous size, and 

 with a grey skin. In the mountains of Gates, in Indostan, M. Chapotin 

 says there are bears marked on the chest with an eye-like spot. 



The white polar bear (U. maximus) differs from all the rest in the 

 form of its skull, which appears as if it were all of one piece ; and instead 

 of rising higher than the face, appears, on the contrary, to be rather 

 lower. The post-orbital apophyses of the frontal bones are short and 

 obtuse, the temporal ridges hardly perceptible, and the zygomatic arches 

 stand much less out than in any of the preceding. The head is, in a 

 word, more cylindrical, and more approaching in its form to that of the 

 martin or polecat, than to that of the common bears. 



In every species of bear the number and form of the teeth are nearly 

 similar. There are six incisors in each jaw. In the upper jaw the two 

 outer ones are strong, pointed, and directed rather outwards, with a 

 rising behind, which descends obliquely forwards, from without inwards, 

 and terminates so as to leave a slight notch on their inner bases. The 

 four intermediate ones are a little pointed at their fore edge, and have 

 behind a kind of spur, divided by a notch into two lobes. 



The two external incisors of the lower jaw are wide, but pointed, and 

 with a lateral lobe, deeply separated, at the outer bases. The two next 

 have their base carried more behind, more towards the inside of the 

 mouth than all the others : they are ridged, and marked on their pos- 

 terior slope with two grooves, which terminate in two notches, the outer 

 one of which' is deepest ; and the inner one is sometimes wanting. The 

 middle ones are the least, and have only one notch, a little more towards 



the outside than the middle. 



/ 



In the upper jaw there are three large grinders, and in the lower 

 four ; before which there are, in both jaws,, a variable number of smaller 

 ones. 



In the upper jaw, the hindmost is the largest : it is oblong, narrowest 

 behind, with its crown irregularly wrinkled. Forwards, on its outer 

 edge, it has one middling sized and two large eminences : and, on the 



