ROSES OUTDOORS 113 



strong new wood but no flowers. Any pruning necessary on 

 these is best done right after flowering. 



The Hybrid Teas may be pruned about the same as the 

 hardy garden kinds outdoors, but not cut back so hard. 



If any strong shoots come up from below the graft they 

 must be rooted out or they will in time destroy the upper part 

 of the plant. This is the wild stock and grows strong, is rather 

 red when young, has more thorns than the other kinds as a 

 rule, and has seven leaf stalks, while the cultivated kinds have 

 mostly five, although under glass, growing very luxuriantly, we 

 have seen them with seven and also with nine leaf stalks. In 

 any case they will look foreign to the rest of the plant. If 

 they come from below the graft there is no doubt of what they 

 are. 



Such varieties as Bridesmaid, Richmond, Madame Abel 

 Chatenay, Killarney, and others, have been safely Wintered 

 outdoors in the New England States. Wm. R. Smith, My 

 Maryland, Wellesley and Mme. Caroline Testout do splendidly 

 out of doors. Killarney mildews badly outdoors in some 

 places. 



When pruning outdoor Roses keep a sharp lookout for any 

 disease; and if any is found at once apply the remedy. Pick 

 up or rake off all clippings and take off any Winter covering 

 and commence the stirring of the soil as soon as needed. 



SPRAYING ROSES OUTDOORS 



Spray for insect pests and fungous diseases, if any have been 

 noted. Whale oil soap, or Ivory soap, one pound to eight gal- 

 lons of water, makes a good spray for green fly, or it may be 

 dislodged with the hose if the water pressure is great enough. 

 For the leaf roller, dust hellebore on when the foliage is 

 damp, and, if washed off by rain, repeat the application; or 

 spray with Paris green, using a weak solution when the foliage 

 is young and tender. For thrips dust hellebore on the under 



