NANISM, OR STUNTEDNESS. 177 



that they wilt, but the gradual withholding of a 

 sufficient amount of water has a tendency to cause 

 all the growing cells to assume a fixed form, and 

 from this they never recover even after they are 

 moved into more favorable conditions. After the 

 plants are rooted, furthermore, injuries of the 

 same kind may occur. 



It may happen that in planting, warm 

 weather comes on, and as a result it is difficult to 

 keep the plants supplied with a sufficient amount 

 of moisture and the roots in consequence will be 

 injured. This results finally in a permanent 

 check, from which the plant never fully recovers. 

 Furthermore, if plants are exposed to too much 

 bright sunlight they are apt to become stunted on 

 account of the intensity of both heat and light. 

 This shows the necessity of some kind of shade 

 through the growing season, for the violet 

 naturally does not grow in the open, but as a rule 

 is found in shady, moist places, away from the 

 direct effects of the sun. 



From what has been said in regard to the 

 cause of the trouble, the means of preventing it 

 will become apparent. Every effort should 

 be put forth to keep the plant in a 

 thoroughly healthy growing condition 

 from the time it is started until it is 

 thrown out in the spring. No checks 

 of any kind should be allowed, for the more there 

 are of these the more likely is the output of 



