58 



COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 



FIG. 21. Month of a Locust dissected: 1, Inbrnm, or tipper lip; 2, mandibles; 3, 

 jjiws; 4, labinm, or lower lip; 5, tongue. The appendages to the maxillae aud 

 lower lip are palpi. 



the suctorial (as the Butterfly). In the former group, the 

 oral apparatus consists of two pairs of horny jaws (mandi- 

 bles and maxillce), which work horizontally between an 

 upper (labrum) and an under (labium) lip. The maxilla 

 and under lip carry sensitive jointed feelers (palpi}- The 

 front edge of the labium is commonly known as the tongue 

 (liguld).* 1 In such a mouth, the mandibles are the most 

 important parts; but in passing to the suctorial Insects, 

 we find that the mandibles are secondary to the maxillfe 

 and labium, which are the only means of taking food. In 



