Materia-Medica. 173 



5. Substitute 10 to 2ogrs. of quinine for the Cinchona 

 bark in No. 4. 



Nos. 4 and 5 may be given as a drench by adding 

 linseed mucilage, or they may be combined with mineral 

 tonics, as Nos. 1, 2 and 3. 



THE BOLUS, DRENCH, ETC., AND THE MODE OF ADMINIS- 

 TRATION. 



The bolus consists of remedies in the solid form, first 

 reduced to powder, afterwards thoroughly mixed by tri- 

 turation in a mortar, and subsequently incorporated by 

 means of some viscid material to form a paste. It is 

 then rolled into an oblong or cylindrical mass about two 

 and a half inches long, and three-quarters of an inch 



Manner of holding the Bolus. 



thick. This is an average estimate. The various sizes 

 of animals calling for variable doses will generally regu- 

 late the size of the bolus to advantage. It is then 

 wrapped in thin, soft paper, to ensure greater ease and 

 dexterity in its administration, which is usually accom- 

 plished in the following manner. If the horse is in the 

 stable, he is reversed in the stall. When out-of-doors it 

 is sometimes advisable to place him in a corner, between 

 two waggons, or other large objects, particularly if he is 

 of an excitable disposition. The right hand is placed 

 flat over the bones of the nose grasping each side, thus 

 to steady the head, while with the left the operator seizes 

 the tongue, drawing it outwards to the offside, the fingers 



