206 Diseases of the Organs of Digestion. 



maybe prescribed, in which strychnia proves highly bene- 

 ficial. Subcutaneous Injections, No. 9. 



Colic is the result of derangement of the bowels, often 

 following constipation. Two kinds are observed — spas- 

 modic and flatulent colic. Violent spasm of the muscular 

 coat is set up as a result of some obstruction to intestinal 

 digestion, when sometimes, in addition, fermentation suc- 

 ceeds, and the gases evolved add seriously to the pain 

 by causing distension in addition. Under these circum- 

 stances great violence characterises the attack, and the 

 creature groans with pain while he rolls, and is bathed in 

 perspiration. The seat of the pain is indicated by fre- 

 quently turning the head to the side, and, after looking 

 round despairingly, he again throws himself to the ground, 

 often remaining upon his back some time. 



Treatment. — In simple cases, anodynes No. 1 or No. 2. 

 If constipation is present, add aloes ; or flatulence, add 

 ammonia. Throw-up enemas frequently, and minister 

 to the safety and comfort of the patient by providing a 

 good bed and a roomy place. Subcutaneous Injections, 

 No. 2, 3, or 9. 



■Enteritis, Inflammation of the Intestines, is a rare disease 

 in the horse, and, as usually seen, is due to some irritant 

 or corrosive substance which has gained access to the 

 alimentary canal. The stomach, as a rule, participates. 

 There is no spasm or distension by gas, as in colic, there- 

 fore the violence which characterises that affection is not 

 seen in enteritis. Colicky pains may appear in later 

 stages, but they are mild. There is febrile disturbance, 

 the pulse being small, frequent, and hard, becoming weak, 

 indistinct, and running down as the vital processes are 

 interfered with. The temperature is increased, and the 

 diurnal variations, if watched carefully, afford significant 

 indications which by no other means can be attained. 

 The rectum protrudes in frequent straining, and is red 

 and congested in common with other mucous membranes; 

 the abdomen is tender, and the animal stands dejectedly, 

 often turning his nose to the flank ; the breathing is short 

 and rapid, and constipation exists as a result of the stop- 

 page of peristaltic action. Great stiffness is present, and 



