MARTINGALES. 



83 



puller, and Is inv^aluable for controlling and guiding a 

 " green " animal. 



It is a common Idea that the chief use of a runnino- 

 martingale is to prevent a horse raising his head too 

 high. We find, however, that when our best flat race 

 and steeplechase jockeys and other good horsemen ride 



Fig. 48. — Maximum length of Standing Martingale. 



with this martingale, they almost invariably have it so 

 long, that it has little or no effect in keeping the head 

 down. When a horse is prevented from raising his 

 head too high by a standing martingale attached to the 

 rings of the snaffle, he is punished by the tension of 

 the martingale being transmitted to the mouth-piece of 

 the snaffle, if he tries to get his head in the air ; but 



6=^ 



