TURNING. 239 



ears, she will soon learn to become independent of 

 the driver's signal. 



She will find, until she has acquired practice in riding 

 without reins, that it is far more difficult to retain her 

 balance in the saddle durinp- these turns, than in ridino- 

 over a fence ; for when an obstacle has to be negotiated, 

 she is made aware beforehand of the intended move- 

 ments, but in turning without a signal she has not 

 that advantage. If the lessons are given, first at a 

 walk, and the pace gradually increased according as she 

 becomes secure in her saddle, she will soon acquire a 

 good firm seat, and will have no tendency to be 

 displaced by her horse shying with her, or by making a 

 sudden plunge to right or left. 



I have described in Chapter YIII. how a lady should 

 sit in her saddle, so I need not repeat these directions. 

 While being driven with the long reins, the 

 rider should endeavour to sit as upright as she can, 

 without any stiffness, and leaning neither to the front 

 nor back, except when rising at the trot, when the body 

 should be inclined a little forw^ird, so as to make the 

 movement smooth. 



The zmll' requires no special mention, At the /r^?/, 

 before she has learned when and how to rise in her 

 stirrup, it is best for her not to make any attempt to do 

 so, but to let herself be bumped up and down until she 

 feels that, although the movement may be unpleasant, 

 it does not render her seat insecure. While doing this, 

 she should be careful not to put any weight on the 

 stirrup. After she has thus learned to trot without 



