Fire-places and Kitchen Utensils. 425 



in the tenth chapter of this Essay. As their bottoms 

 are raised up, and as their diameters are such that their 

 conical or vertical sides enter into and fit the sand-rims 

 of those 'furnaces and stoves, the heat is effectually 

 confined under them ; and their outsides, not being 

 exposed either to flame or to smoke, may be japanned, 

 and they may easily be kept so clean as to be fit to 

 be placed upon a table, over a lamp, or upon a heater 

 placed in a shallow dish of china or earthen-ware. 

 They are even capable of being elegantly ornamented 

 by gilding or painting, or both. 



They are likewise well calculated for being heated 

 by a lamp ; and if an Argand's lamp be used for that 

 purpose they may be made to boil in a short time and 

 at a small expense. Placed on a handsome tripod on 

 a table, with an elegant Argand's lamp under it, one of 

 these kettles, handsomely ornamented by japanning and 

 gilding, would make no mean appearance, and would 

 cost much less than the commonest tea-urn that could 

 be bought. 



But it is not solely for making tea that these kettles 

 will be found useful : they will answer perfectly well for 

 boiling water for many other purposes ; and, if portable 

 kitchen furnaces should come into use, boiling-hot water 

 will often be wanted for filling saucepans and stewpans ; 

 and no utensil can be better contrived for heating and 

 boiling water over a portable kitchen furnace than these 

 kettles. 



In constructing them, care should be taken to fill 

 all their seams well with solder, which, by covering the 

 naked edges of the iron, will contribute more than any 

 thing to the prevention of rust and the durability of the 

 article; and they should likewise be well japanned on 



