A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF FOSSIL INSECTS. 



BY SAMUEL H. SCUDDER. 



Up to the present time, scarcely any formal attempt has been made to collect separately the titles of papers on fossil insects. 

 Several authors, in general essays on this branch cf palaeontology, have, indeed, referred to the older or the principal -works 

 upon the subject, as Giebel in his Insecten der vorwelt, Oustalet in his first essay on the fossil insects of France, and lately, 

 and more particularly, Goss in his review of our knowledge of fossil insects. The principal sources of our information, how- 

 ever, have been portions of the scientific bibliographies of zoology ; thus Carus and Engelmann, in 1861, in their Bibliotheca 

 zoologica (II. 1508-10), give two pages and a half to this subject with about sixty titles ; while Hagen, a year or two later, by 

 means of the subject-index to his Bibliotheca entomologica refers to about one hundred and fifty articles, scattered throughout 

 his ivork. 



The following list was originally made for private use, to accompany a slip catalogue of the described fossil insects of the 

 world, prepared for comparing the ancient insect fauna with the modern, and that of the Old World with that of the New- 

 Thinking it of more than private value, the entries have been accompanied by brief descriptive notes, and are here published as a 

 tolerably complete list, and one that will at least suggest the extent and to some degree the nature of the literature upon this sub- 

 ject. A Ithough more than double the extent of Hagen 1 s list ( which did not include A rachnida and Myriapoda~) this is no proof 

 of an increased development of or interest in this branch of scientific work within the past fifteen years ; indeed, it is doubtful 

 whether there is now as much activity as in the previous fifteen years when the works of Heer were opening the wealth of mate- 

 rial at hand. The multiplication of periodical literature of late years has brought in its train a host of minor papers, many of 

 them, wholly popular in character, which, "while they multiply titles, do not materially add to our actual knowledge. All of these 

 the careful bibliographer must notice, and these have unfortunately enhanced the labor of preparing, and increased the extent 

 of this list, "without corresponding advantage. 



A II papers here quoted have been personally examined unless noted to the contrary ', and, with rare exceptions, will be 

 found in the libraries of this vicinity. A Ithough not properly belonging here, I have added references to articles treating of 

 insects in copal. The arrangement under the authors is chronological. 



Additions to this bibliography would be very welcome, and will be inserted in an appendix. 



Agassiz, L. See Buckland, W. 



Allen, Grant. The colour sense ; its origin and 

 development. An essay in comparative psychology. 

 8. London. 1879. pp. 12, 282. 



In a chapter (4) on "insects and flowers," he discusses briefly 

 the antiquity of insects and their relation to the earliest entomo- 

 philous flowers. See especially pp. 38, 42-46, 66-69, 78-80. 



American naturalist, Editors of. Fossil in- 

 sects. Amer. nat. 2: 163. fig. I, 2. 80. Salem. 1868. 

 Note (not original) on Xenoneura and Palaeocampa. 



Andrae, Karl Justus. Beitrage zur kenntnisse der 

 fossilen flora Siebenbiirgens und des Banates. Mit 

 zwolf tafeln. pp. 1-48. pi. 1-12. Abhandl. k. k. 

 geol. reichsanst. Wien. bd. 2. abth. 3. no. 4. 4. Wien. 



I855- 



Figures a Formica, pi. 4, fig. 6, 6a, 8b, and Chrysopa, pi. 5, 

 fig- 3 3 a > fro m Thalheim, with mention of them on p. 26. The 

 Formica, like the Chrysopa, is said to come from Thalheim, but 

 the locality of the plant on the same slab with the former is 

 given as Sotzka ! 



Andrae, K. J. Eine alge und eine insectenfliigel 

 aus der steinkohlenformation Belgiens. Sitzungsb. 

 nicderrhein. gesellsch. Bonn. 1876, 27-28. 8. Bonn. 

 1877. 



Mere mention of a Blattina. 



Andree, Richard. Die versteinerungen der 

 steinkohlenformation von Stradonitz in Bohmen. 

 Neues jahrb. f. mineral, geol. zmd pal. 1864. 2 e * heft. 

 s. 160-176. taf. iv. 8. Stuttgart. 1864. 



Describes and figures A cridites priscus. 



Anon. Gab es schon wahrend der steinkohlen- 

 zeit schmetterlinge ? Kosmos, bd. 5, s. 218-19. 8. 

 Leipzig. 1879. 



An account of the discussion of this subject in Nature and 

 elsewhere, by Wallace, MacLachlan, de Borre, etc. 



d'Archiac [Vicomte] et de Verneuil, douard. 

 On the fossils of the older deposits in the rhenish 

 provinces ; preceded by a general survey of the 

 fauna of the palaeozoic rocks, and followed by a 



tabular list of the organic remains of the devonian 

 system in Europe. Trans, geol. soc. Lond. (2). vol. 6, 

 pp. 303-410. 4. London. 1842. 



Contains, p. 330, a section (ix.) of a single paragraph on what 

 was then known of palaeozoic insects. 



[d'Argenville, Ant. Jos. Desallier.] L'histoire 

 naturelle eclaircie dans une de ses parties principales, 

 1'oryctologie, qui traite des terres, des pierres, des me- 

 taux, des mineraux et autres fossiles, ouvrage dans 

 lequel on trouve une nouvelle methode latine et fran- 

 oise de les diviser, et une notice critique des princi- 

 paux ouvrages qui ont paru sur ces matieres. Enrichi 

 de figures dessinees d'apres nature. Par M. * * * 

 des Societes royales des sciences de Londres et de 

 Montpellier. 40. Paris. 1755. pp. (8) 16, 562. pi. 26. 



Mentions some fossil insects on pp. 83, 353 ; and on p. 360, pi. 

 '21, refers to what is called a "chenille" and " deux papillons." 



Assmann, August. Palaeontologie. Beitrage zur 

 insekten-fauna der vorwelt. Einleitung. I. Bei- 

 trag. Die fossilen insekten des tertiaren (miocenen) 

 thonlagers von Schosznitz bei Kanth in Schlesien. 

 II. Beitrag. Fossile insekten aus der tertiaren (oli- 

 gocenen) braunkohle von Naumburg am Bober. 

 Mit einer tafel abbildungen. 8. Breslau. 1869. 

 pp. 1-62. Taf. I. Zeitschr, f. entom. des vereins 

 f. schles. insektenk. (2) I. 



The introduction, of thirty pages, gives a general review of fos- 

 sil insects. The first paper contains an account of the geology and 

 palaeontology of Schosznitz with full descriptions of ten species 

 of insects. The second describes two Coleoptera. I have only 

 seen the separate edition. 



Audouin, Victor. Sur une empreinte d'aile 

 d'un insecte nevroptere inconnu . . . trouve en 

 Angleterre a Colebroskedale dans le Shropshire . . . 

 dans un terrein houiller. Ann. soc. ent. France, vol. 2., 

 bull. ent. pp. 7-8. 8. Paris. 1833. 



The first mention of a palaeozoic insect. It is said to have 

 been shown by Audouin at the meeting of the Association of 

 German naturalists at Bonn in 1835, but I have been unable to 

 examine the report of that meeting. Also mentioned by Boue" in 

 his Resume des progres de la geologie, 1833, p. 146, and in the 

 jfourn. d. geol. iii. 105 (neither seen). 



