Birds of Astrakhan. 219 



CARDUELIS ELEGANS. 



A few Goldfinches breed near Astrakhan. In winter the 

 species is more numerous, but most so during the autumn 

 migration. 



COCCOTHRAUSTES VULGARIS. 



Henke once obtained a Hawfinch near Astrakhan in spring. 



PYRRHULA MAJOR. 



The Eastern Bullfinch is occasionally seen in winter in 

 small flocks. 



CARPODACUS ERYTHRINUS. 



The Scarlet Bullfinch is very common on migration, and is 

 sometimes seen so late in the spring as to lead to the sus- 

 picion that a few remain to breed. 



LOXIA CURVIROSTRA. 



The Crossbill is occasionally seen in winter near Astrakhan. 

 A small flock was met with in a wood on the Kirghiz steppes 

 in July 1876. 



BOMBYCILLA GARRULA. 



The Waxwing is more or less common throughout the 

 winter in Astrakhan, and feeds upon the seeds of the acacia, 

 which it swallows with the pods. 



NUCIFRAGA CARYOCATACTES. 



Henke did not meet with the Nutcracker, but states that 

 it occasionally occurs in winter at Sarepta. 



GARRULUS GLANDARTUS. 



Henke did not meet with the Jay, but states that it occa- 

 sionally occurs in winter near Sarepta. 



PICA CAUDATA. 



The Magpie is a very common resident. 



CORVUS CORNIX. 



The Hooded Crow is an exceedingly common resident. 



CORVUS FRUGILEGUS. 



The Rook is a common summer visitor. 



CORVUS MONEDULA. 



The Jackdaw is everywhere a common resident. 



