OUR BODIES AND HOW WE LIVE 



The science which tells us about the structure, form, and 

 position of the different parts of the body is called anatomy. 1 

 Take the stomach for an illustration. If we learn what 

 it is, where it is, how it looks, its shape, 

 size, and general appearance, this is its 

 anatomy. 



The science which explains the uses 

 or functions of the different parts of 

 the body is called physiology. 



If we learn for what special purpose 

 the stomach is made, just what its differ- 

 ent parts do, and how they do it, this 

 is its physiology. 



Now, if we would learn how to take 

 care of the different parts of the body 

 and how to keep them in good health, 

 we may do this by the study of hygiene, 2 

 or the science which tells us about 

 health. 



An organ is a part of the body which 



FIG. 9. Longitudinal 

 Section of Cartilage. 



Magnified about 



650 times. 



Showing (i) cartilage 

 with matrix and cells; 

 (2)cartilage with matrix 



containing ceils and does a special work. Thus, the eye is 



white fibers. f . . . _. f ,, , 



an organ of sight, the nose of smell, the 

 stomach of digestion, and the lungs of breathing. 



The special work which an organ has to do is said to 

 be the function or use of that organ ; thus, it is the function 

 of the eye to see, and of the liver to secrete bile. 



1 The word " anatomy " comes from two Greek words meaning a cut- 

 ting through, or dissection, that is, the act of cutting an animal in pieces 

 for the purpose of study. 



2 The word " hygiene " is derived from the name of the Greek goddess 

 Hygeia, who is said to have watched over the health of the people. 



