184 OUR BODIES AND HOW WE LIVE 



QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT 



I. What may be said in a general way of the act of breathing? 

 2. What have we learned in previous chapters about food and the 

 blood? 3. What have we learned previously about the circulation 

 of blood in the lungs ? 4. State in a general way the twofold object 

 of breathing. 5. Through what passages is air drawn into the lungs ? 

 6. What are the nostrils? 7. Describe the windpipe. 8. What is 

 the epiglottis ? 9. Describe the larynx. 10. Into what two branches 

 is the windpipe divided after entering the chest cavity? 



II. Describe the bronchial tubes. 12. What are the lungs? 



13. What is meant by the lobes and the lobules of the lungs? 



14. What is the pleura? 15. How may the respiratory sounds be 

 plainly heard ? 16. What useful purpose do the cilia serve ? 



17. How may we note the general movements of breathing in our 

 own persons? 18. Give brief definitions of inspiration, expiration, 

 and respiration. 19. Explain in some detail the mechanical move- 

 ments in the act of breathing. 20. What part do the intercostal 

 muscles play in the process of breathing? 



21. Of what is the air we breathe composed? 22. How is the air 

 changed in breathing? 23. Mention some other changes in the air 

 that take place during breathing. 24. What is meant by the dif- 

 fusion of gases ? 25. What exchange of gases takes place between 

 the blood and the air in breathing ? 26. What does the blood gain 

 and lose in the process of breathing? 27. What do the air sacs gain 

 and lose in breathing? 28. Describe the process of respiration in 

 all of the tissues. 29. Mention some things that may make the air 

 impure. 30. How may the germs of disease be carried in the air ? 



31. Explain how the sputa of persons suffering from pulmonary con- 

 sumption may become a source of contagion. 32. Give some practical 

 hints about ventilation. 33. Why and how should schoolrooms be 

 ventilated ? 34. How can we ascertain the temperature of the body ? 



35. Explain in a general way how the bodily heat is produced. 



36. How does the body lose its heat? 37. What is the general effect 

 of alcohol upon the lungs ? 38. What effect does alcohol have upon 

 the breathing capacity of the lungs ? 39. How does alcohol modify 

 the bodily heat? 40. Explain how alcohol lessens the power to 

 endure the extremes of heat and cold. 



