THE THROAT AND THE VOICE 



275 



tonics to the skin, and thus serve indirectly to harden one 

 who is liable to throat ailments even in ordinary changes 

 in the weather. 



Muffling the neck in scarfs, furs, and wraps is not a 



good plan, it only increases the liability to catch cold, 



except, perhaps, during the 



coldest weather or during unusual 



exposure to cold. 



379. The Larynx. As we have 

 been told in a preceding section, 

 the boxlike top of the windpipe is 

 called the larynx, meaning top of 

 the windpipe (Sec. 222). 



The sides of this box are made 

 of two flat pieces of cartilage 

 shaped like a shield and known 

 as the thyroid cartilage. The 

 edges unite in front and project 

 to form " Adam's apple," which FIG. 173. 

 is easily felt and is plainly to be 

 seen on most lean people, espe- 

 cially spare men (Exp. 33, p. 109). 

 The thyroid cartilage shelters the 

 delicate and movable structure 

 within and shields it from injury 

 from without. 



The epiglottis is attached to the 

 inner and upper part of this carti- 

 lage. Just below is a ring-shaped 

 cartilage called the cricoid. It is broad behind, quite narrow 

 in front, much like a seal ring. This is easily detected 

 under the skin, a little below " Adam's apple." 



Cartilages and Liga- 

 ments of the Larynx. (Front 

 view.) 



A, hyoid bone; B, membrane at- 

 tached to hyoid bone and the 

 shield-shaped cartilage below 

 (thyroid); edges of this shield- 

 shaped cartilage unite at C 

 (Adam's apple is. the V-shaped 

 groove on a line with B and C) ; 

 D, membrane between the 

 shield-shaped cartilage and the 

 signet-ring cartilage below; E, 

 cricoid, or signet-ring, cartilage ; 

 F, upper ring of the windpipe. 



