PRODUCE OF THE CROP. 309 



the weather before they are ploughed in. Their manurial 

 value may be calculated at about 5s. to 6s. per ton. 



The root produce per acre, of course, is subject to great 

 variations 20 tons of Swedes, 25 tons of yellow, and 

 30 tons of white turnips to the acre, would indicate good 

 cultivation, and be received as satisfactory results. In 

 some returns of turnip cultivation, published by the 

 Lockerbie and the Morayshire Farmers' Societies, we find 

 that the average weight per acre of turnips on thirty- 

 seven farms, situated in the Upper and Middle Wards of 

 Annandale, for the five years previous, was : 



tons. cwts. 



Swedes, 21 19 



Yellow, 23 4 



Common, 27 13 



And on twenty-five farms in Morayshire, the average of 

 the year (1853), was: 



tons. cwts. 



Swedes, 21 11^ 



Yellow, 18 2 



Common, 22 13 



The tops may be taken usually at from 20 to 25 per cent 

 of the weight of the root crop. 



In storing the root crop, the great object to be attained 

 is to place them under such conditions that they shall not 

 be injured by heating which causes fermentation and de- 

 composition by frost, or by rain. There are various modes 

 of effecting this, some preferable to others. These, how- 

 ever, will come better before us when we discuss the culti- 

 vation of another important root crop, "mangold-wurzel," 

 which in itself is more susceptible of injury than the 

 turnip, while, at the same time, it has to be kept stored 

 until the turnips are all consumed. 



We have now, however, to consider the mode of raising 

 seed, whether for home use, to improve or sustain a good 

 stock, or for market purposes. The roots for this purpose 



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