316 



THE TURNIP CROP, 



to the exact causes of these two diseases, or as to the differ- 

 ence that exists between them. All that can be done safely 

 is to sum up the reliable evidence we possess in reference to 

 them, which would appear to show that they are perfectly 

 different in their origin, their mode of affecting the turnip, 

 and their results; that " fingers-and-toes/' well known to 

 the vegetable pathologist as "dactylorhiza" 1 the inter- 

 mediate condition between the natural (wild) and the 

 artificial state is in this case the result of degeneration 



FOKMS OF DISEASE IN TURNIPS. 



1. "Fingers-and-toes" form of disease. 2. " Anbury " form of disease. 3. Grub 

 found in excrescences of 2. 



from cultivation to wildness, due to some of the causes 

 given; 2 and that "anbury" is a distinct affection, due pro- 

 bably to the same causes as the "clubbing" in cabbages 

 (which will be more fully considered hereafter), and readily 



1 From Sctru)iOi, a finger, and pit*, a root. 



2 In some experiments by Mr Lawes, carried out at Rothamstead some few 

 years ago, we have evidence of the effect produced on turnips by the circum- 

 stances of cultivation, and of the readiness with which they revert to their 



