HISTORY OF. 403 



signed to it, and tells us "that it is sowne in this eouiir 

 trie in gardens, to serve the use of fullers and cloth- 

 workers." 



The woollen industry in which the teazle must have been 

 used, was established, however, long before this date, as 

 we have good evidence of its existence towards the close 

 of the twelfth century, either in the reign of Henry II. 

 or his son Richard I. Indeed, we find it stated by Wil- 

 liam of Malmesbury, that some Flemish weavers estab- 

 lished themselves in the vicinity of Carlisle in. the reign 

 of William the Conqueror; bat on some disagreement 

 with the inhabitants, they were afterwards removed, in 

 the time of Henry I., to Pembrokeshire. In the same 

 reign cloth- weavers are mentioned in the exchequer ac- 

 counts ; and in the two following reigns they are repre- 

 sented as paying fines to the crown for the privilege of 

 carrying on their trade. 1 The greatest advance in the 

 woollen manufacture seems to have been made in the time 

 of Edward III., in the fourth year of whose reign John 

 Kemp, a celebrated Flanders cloth-worker, received a 

 license to settle himself in this country, which he did, with 

 a number of dyers and fullers, at Kendal, in Westmore- 

 land, where the name exists probably at the present day. 

 The place soon became celebrated, as it still remains, for 

 its coloured goods. 



It is about this period that teazles appear to have been 

 regularly cultivated for the uses of the new industry, which 

 was supported by the encouragement and protection given 

 to Flemish artisans to come over and settle in the country, 

 the exportation of English wool being prohibited, and the 

 weaving of foreign cloth being opposed by the govern- 

 ment. In a few years regular markets were established, 

 and the " tuckers" or woollen weavers became an incor- 

 porated body. Particular towns began to furnish parti- 



1 Madox's History of the Exchequer. 



