Contents xxxvii 



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The need of an independent Upper Chamber increases as 

 confidence in the House of Commons diminishes . . . 436 



The vote in Parliament of a Member of the House of 

 Commons represents only the will of a small proportion of a 

 selected minority of the people of the place and cannot be 

 taken as the will of the people of the constituency. What is 

 true of one Member and his constituency is true of the House 

 of Commons and the country. The inhabitants, male and 

 female, who do not possess the franchise have no representa- 

 tion except in the House of Lords . . . . , . 437 



Sterilisation of the usefulness of capable business men 

 when they enter the House of Commons. The uncertainty 

 of the duration of the House of Commons interferes with its 

 usefulness. Exemption from election is an element of efficiency 

 in the constitution of the House of Lords .... 438 



Suggestions are given of possible reforms in the constitution 

 of the House of Commons which would tend to promote the 

 independence of its Members. With regard to the House of 

 Lords, later events have shown that I misinterpreted the value 

 which it put on its own independence ..... 439 



No. 22. LORD MILNER AND IMPERIAL SCHOLARSHIPS. (From 



the Morning Post, October 15, 1909.) 440 



This letter concerns the benefit which young men from the 

 Overseas Dominions gain by going from their home schools 

 to study at an English University. It is pointed out that the 

 action of the English University on the colonial or foreign 

 student must necessarily be accompanied by the reaction of 

 the scholars on the University, inasmuch as the school training 

 of the Rhodes Scholars has been different from that of the 

 English schoolboys who form the bulk of the students, and 

 whose previous education has been stereotyped ad hoc. 



It is as great an advantage to a schoolmaster to have to 

 continue the education of foreign boys as it is for boys to have 

 their education continued by foreign masters. Hence the 

 belief is expressed that Mr Rhodes, in devising his bequests, 

 expected them to have an educative effect on his University 

 as well as on the young men to whom he furnished the means 

 of attending it. 



It is pointed out that the true compliment to Rhodes' 

 scheme is to furnish the teachers of Oxford and Cambridge, 

 at the beginning of their career, with outside experience of 

 what is to be the business of their lives ; and it is proposed 

 to enable the Junior Fellow of his College to spend the first 



