On Ice and Brines 



more rapidly than the latter. All these effects are produced 

 in kind by increasing the pressure on pure water. Whether, 

 or in how far, they agree in degree must be decided by future 

 experiments. 



Experiments with Concentrated Solutions. Several series of 

 experiments have been made with hydrochloric acid, chloride 

 of sodium, and chloride of calcium, and also with sulphuric 

 acid. Table VII gives the results, in the same form as 

 preceding tables, for the chlorides. 



TABLE VII. 



It will be seen that, in proportion as the solution becomes 

 more concentrated, further additions of salt produce a greater 

 effect in lowering the melting-point of ice, and at a tempera- 

 ture of 15 C. equivalent weights of NaCl and CaCl 2 produce 

 identical results. In Table VIII the results for hydrochloric 

 acid and sulphuric acid are given in terms of the percentage 

 of hydrogen in the solution. 



The temperatures given in these tables are all in terms of 

 the same thermometer, which has not been verified for this 

 part of its scale by comparison with a standard or with the 

 air thermometer. 



We have thus seen that, owing to its peculiar physical pro- 

 perties, it is impossible to prepare the crystalline solid which 



