BREEDIK^G ATSTD REARliTG DAIRY COWS. * 53 



than that when it is procured for the purpose of improv- 

 ing native stock. The spare male calves may be easily 

 disposed of to neighbors who are not so particular, or 

 are less experienced in this respect, for some advance on 

 the value of the common stock, that will in good part re- 

 pay the cost of the sire. 



Breed is undoubtedly dependent upon feed. Feeding 

 and training have given the value to the bree(i, and this 

 value must be kept up by feeding and training. The 

 mistake is often made of getting a pure bred animal and 

 subjecting it to all the careless management which is 

 given to the common stock, and expecting that this ani- 

 mal, by virtue of its parents' character, can lift up the 

 common herd and double or treble its value in a few 

 years. Such a hope is doomed to disappointment from 

 the outset. When a pure animal is brought into a herd 

 its care should be at least equal to that which it has been 

 used to, and the very same system of feeding and general 

 management should be followed with the whole herd. 

 If this practice is followed, success will be sure, and the 

 desired end will be reached. 



A bull over a year old may serve ten or twelve cows in 

 the season ; the next year twenty or twenty-five services 

 will not overtax his powers ; but overwork is to be avoid- 

 ed. It is better to ask a fee of five dollars per cow for 

 outside service, and admit two or four cows, than take 

 one dollar each for ten or twenty. A service is usually 

 valued at what it costs, and is more thought of at five 

 dollars than it would be at one or two dollars. The 

 owner of the cow will be apt to take more care of the 

 calf, and value it more, if it costs him five dollars, and 

 the higher fee will be of service to him in this respect, 

 and he will get good value for it in more ways than 

 one. My way of managing a bull has turned out con- 

 venient, safe, and satisfactory. A pen and yard adjoin- 

 ing the cow stable and barnyard were provided for 



