FEEDIN^G KATIONS. 173 



morning and niglifc, and about six quarts of brewers' 

 grains with cut hay at noon. The cows stand in stanch- 

 ions and the feeding is in a trough in front of them, 

 six inches in depth and two feet wide. The cows are 

 watered from these feeding troughs from a stop-cock 

 at one end. The cows are kept in the stable and 

 let out only on very pleasant days, and not left out 

 over half an hour at a time. When exposed to the 

 cold for any length of time, there is a perceptible fall- 

 ing off of the milk yield. In very cold weather the chill 

 is taken from the water in the tank by steam pipes. 

 The grinding of the grain and cutting of the feed are 

 done by steam power. In summer about three-fourths 

 of an acre of pasture is allowed to each cow, with green 

 feed once a day at night. The yield of milk from thirty- 

 six cows kept on this farm during the year ending 1886 

 equaled 5,500 pounds to a cow. 



Another farm visited was that of B. Chaffee, who feeds 

 about one bushel of ensilage to each full-grown cow twice 

 a day, with a peck of brewers' grains and three quarts of 

 bran and hay at noon and evening. Mr. Chaffee has a 

 silo which cost complete $750. The silo is thirty-two by 

 twenty-one feet, divided by inside wall into two equal 

 silos, twenty-four feet high from the bottom of silo to top 

 of the plate. The bottom of the silo is about nine feet 

 below the surface of the ground, and sixteen feet of wall 

 is concrete, eighteen inches thick at the bottom and one 

 foot on top, and perfectly plumb on the inside. The in- 

 side walls of the silo are finished with round corners, and 

 it takes eighteen planks, one foot v/ide and fourteen feet 

 long, to cover each silo. The walls of the silo are made 

 with waterlime concrete and cobble-stone, excepting 

 that the corners are laid with quarried stone. The larger 

 proportion of corn used for ensilage was the Southern 

 White, and field and sweet corn. The sweet corn ears 

 were sent to the canning factory. Mr. Chaffee's milk 



