138 THE DAIRYMAN*S MAKUAL. 



five by seven feet, and are separated by barred partitions, 

 so that the calves can see each other. • The partitions are 

 four feet high. A rack for hay is made on one side and 

 a small box near it is for meal. A slide door is made in 

 * tlie front {a, a) large enough for the calf to put its head 

 tiirough easily, and in front of it is a shelf with a recep- 

 tacle for a i^ail, in which milk is given to the calf. The 

 calves are thus fed very easily and quickly, the milk 

 being brought to the pens in a deep pail holding fourteen 

 quarts, and enough for four or five calves is poured into 

 the feeding pails and each pail is set in its place. The 

 slide door is then opened and the calf drinks its milk 

 without any trouble, and cannot uj^set the pail. A few 

 days' training is required before the calf learns all this, 

 but with patience the lesson is soon taught. Calves are 

 phenomenally stupid, and much patience is required to 

 manage them ; but it is far easier to train a calf kindly 

 than with force and by beating it. When a calf learns 

 not to fear its owner, and experiences only kindness, it is 

 a most affectionate animal, and this trait is exhibited 

 ever afterwards as long as the same kind treatment is 

 given to it. For the comfort and profit in managing a 

 dairy this general system of management is indispensable. 

 At times it is certainly trjdng to one's patience to worry 

 along with self-willed and stupid calves, but it should 

 not be forgotten that our training is contrary to their 

 instincts, and we are teaching them to acquire new habits 

 and unnatural ways. Rightly considered, it is amazing 

 that a kind and gentle owner may so soon reduce a young 

 creature to submission to his will and wholly change 

 its natural inclinations. The dairyman, however, should 

 be able to control his own instincts and passions, and 

 then will be better able to train his calves to become 

 docile, patient, gentle and useful cows. 



When six months old and done with milk-feedins: the 

 young heifers are moved into the cow stable, where they 



