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which might upset the pail, and if such should happen 

 accidentally, the cow should not be punished for it. 

 Milking should be made a business ; there should be 

 no fuss, no noise ; it should be done quietly and quickly. 

 If a cow is vicious, she should be punished. A cut with 

 a raw-hide, kept purposely, will be the most effective, and 

 if but one blow is given the cow will be disciplined and 

 not enraged, as by repeated brutal beatings for revenge. 

 Punishment for cause only, and that prompt, sharp, 

 decisive and summary, is needed at times, especially with 

 some young cows, but a cow should never be beaten and 

 never kicked, or struck about the head or face. 



Sometimes it is necessary to draw the milk artificially; 

 this is done by means of a silver tube (figure 28) inserted 



C4f 



Fig. 28. — MILKING TUBE. 



into the udder. The tub is shown its exact size. It is 

 oiled and carefully inserted in the teat, and in case of 

 garget or wounded udder or teat, it is left in continuously, 

 so that the milk runs off as it is secreted. The slide 

 regulates the depth to which the tube is inserted. But 

 these tubes should only be used when thus requii-ed. 

 They cannot safely be used for regular milking as a sub- 

 stitute for the hand. Efforts to introduce them for that 

 purpose have been costly failures ; but for use under 

 special circumstances, as when the teats and udder are 

 affected by cow-pox and covered with pustules which 

 must not be broken, or in cases of injury to the teat, 

 they are indispensable, and a set should always be kept in 

 reserve. 



As the milk is drawn from each cow it should be 

 weighed, and the weight of the pail being deducted, the 

 quantity of milk should be marked on a tablet hung up 

 on the wall behind the cow. This is greatly to be 



