464 THE dairyman's mantal. 



dram eacli of powdered sulphate of- iron, gentian, and 

 ginger root, given in a bran mash or cut feed once a 

 day. For calves three months old or less, a quart, and 

 no more, of new milk warmed to 100 degrees may be given 

 twice a day. If the diarrhea is accompanied by spasms, 

 twenty drops of a mixture of two drams of tincture of 

 rhubarb, one dram of tincture of opium, and one dram 

 of tincture of camphor, may be given in a little hot 

 new milk and repeated every two hours until the 

 spasms cease. If this cessation does not ensue after 

 three doses, double the quantity. For calves over three 

 months old the above doses may be trebled. 



IMPACTION OF THE STOMACH. INDIGESTION". 



When food is not digested it remains in the stomach, 

 usually in the third compartment or '^ manifolds," where 

 it causes injBiammation of the lining membrane, and, dry- 

 ing by the heat, forms a hard mass or cakes between the 

 folds of the stomach. This arrest of the digestive func- 

 tions and the consequent disturbance of the nervous 

 system give rise to serious disorder, pojnilarly termed 

 '^ dr}* murrain." Suspended rumination (loss of cud) 

 follows first, distress from the pain, and finally stupor 

 or frenzy from the resulting congestion of the brain. 

 When stupor occurs the animal rests in a state of drowsi- 

 ness, wdth the head pressed against a wall, fence or other 

 support ; if frenzy;, the animal bellows, dashes itself 

 about, breaking the horns and bruising the head madly, 

 until death ensues in a few hours. Over-feeding upon 

 wet grass, rank fodder, smutty cornstalks, dry stalks in 

 a corn stubble, or any other food that is not digestible is 

 the most frequent cause of this disorder. 



Active purgatives with copious doses of thin gruels 

 and stimulants are required. Two pounds of Epsom or 

 Glauber salts dissolved in two quarts of warm water is 

 to be given. Molasses added freely has been found use- 



