INDIRECT INCOMES 



17 



for the labor performed on her the system must be credited with 

 an equal amount, for the money is still in the family available 

 for household uses. 



Direct Incomes. — By direct income is meant the proceeds 

 from the sale of the chief product of the dairy. In some sections 

 whole milk is sold for use in cities ; in others, butter fat is sold 

 as cream for butter-making purposes, the milk being kept on, 

 or returned to the f arm for feeding purposes. At present prices 



Fig. 5. — "The Ideal Industry," the one in which every little fellow helps and is 

 strengthened thereby. The Dairy float during "county fair" parade by Agricultural 

 College students, University of Minnesota. 



of feed, labor and produce, it is often not easy to figure a 

 " profit " in dairying when direct incomes only are considered. 

 Indirect Incomes. — Skim milk has a feeding value of 25 to 

 75' cents per 100 pounds, but after that it has a manurial value 

 equal to about three cents per 100 pounds of skim milk consumed. 

 Barnyard manure has a chemical value of from $3 to $3.50 

 per ton, yet possesses physical and bacterial values which aid 

 materially in the production of larger crops. It is easy to 

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