300 THE FARM MILK HOUSE 



vide ventilation when needed. These should be well screened. 

 It will be found convenient also in summer to have heavy roller 

 shades or some other means of darkening the room. This will 

 assist in driving the flies out of the place and also in keeping the 

 room cool. No particular attention need be paid to ventila- 

 tion except in the largest of the plants indicated, where a venti- 

 lating flue should be provided in wash room to assist in drying 

 the room as well as in giving workmen better air. 



In any milk house, especially in the little, inexpensive ones 

 (Fig. 99), the foundation upon which the separator is set should 

 extend into the ground below the frost line. This is accomplished 

 by setting posts upon which the four legs of the separator are to 

 stand and then cementing up around them. If this is not done 

 the cement floor will heave with freezing sufficiently to throw 

 the separator badly out of line and cause trouble. 



THE FARM ICE HOUSE 



When it is realized that cream, sweet and otherwise of good 

 flavor, is worth from 10 to 20 per cent more than the same would 

 be in a stale condition ; that under the present American farm 

 conditions one dollar invested in ice at the beginning of the 

 season will return from five to ten dollars in increased value of 

 the cream for each and every cow on the f arm, the ice house will 

 become more common. 



Water weighs 62!/o pounds to the cubic foot, ice 57.5 pounds. 

 One ton of solid ice requires 35 cubic feet of space or, as ordi- 

 narily well packed, about 50 cubic feet. If the milk is sepa- 

 rated immediately after being drawn and only the cream cooled, 

 one-half ton of ice will suffice to cool the cream of one cow 

 for one season of six months, or allowing for usual melting and 

 other waste, one ton of ice occupying approximately 50 cubic 

 feet of space will suffice for each cow. A herd of ten cows, 

 therefore, would require 500 cubic feet of ice space or a building 

 which will accommodate a mass of ice 8 X 8 X 8 feet. Nat- 

 urally, if ice is to be used for household and other purposes, 

 extra accommodation will need to be provided. 



The old sort of cheaply made ice house (Fig. 100), which 

 consisted essentially of a bin of sawdust with a roof over it, is 



