Moraceae. 



writer met with very large trees, about 40 feet high. The flowering and fruit- 

 ing season falls during the summer months, and trees can be seen loaded with 

 the small fruits in October. At Auahi, southern slopes of Haleakala, in the dry 

 forest, it is again not uncommon in company with Ochrosia sandwicensis, Sider- 

 oxylon auahiense, Pelea multi flora, etc., as well as at Ulupalakua at an eleva- 

 tion of 3000 feet, and at Puuwaawaa, Kona, Hawaii. It also inhabits the dry 

 regions of Kauai, Hawaii and Oahu, on the latter island in Wailupe Valley and 

 in the Waianae range. 



The wood of the Aiai is light brown, close-grained, hard, and tough. The abor- 

 iginals of New South Wales employed the wood for their boomerangs. When 

 properly dressed and polished it has a remarkable resemblance to Oak. A well- 

 seasoned specimen has an approximate weight of 56 pounds per cubic foot. It 

 is known by the aboriginals of the Richmond and Clarence rivers of New South 

 Wales as "Mail" or " Legaulbie." By the whites it is called "Whalebone tree." 



ARTOCARPUS Forst. 



Perigoue of the male flowers 2 to 4 lobed, with only one stamen; perigone of the fe- 

 male flowers tubular, obovate, or linear; style with spathulate stigma, rarely 2-3 fid. 

 Seeds without albumen. Embryo straight or curved, with thick fleshy equal or unequal 

 cotyledons. Trees with large coriaceous leaves which are either entire or incised, with 

 deciduous axillary stipules, and single, short or long peduncled inflorescences. Flowers 

 monoecious, on globose or club-shaped often elongate receptacles. 



The genus Artocarpus consists of about 40 species distributed from Ceylon 

 through the Indian Archipelago to China. Of interest is Artocarpus incisa, the 

 Ulu of the natives or Breadfruit tree, which is indigenous in the Sunda Islands 

 and has been cultivated for ages everywhere in the tropics, but especially on 

 the islands of the Pacific. 



Artocarpus incisa Forst. 



Ulu, Breadfruit. 



(Plate 37.) 



ARTOCARPUS INCISA Forst. PL escul. (1786) 23, et Icon. (ined. cf. Seem.) t. 250-252; 

 Endl. Fl. Suds. (1836) no. 882; Guill. Zeph. Tait. (1836-37) 172; Trecul, in 

 Ann. Sc. Nat. 3 ser. VIII. (1847) 110; Pancher in Cuz. Tahit. (I860); H. Mann 

 Proc. Am. Acad. VII. (1867) 201; Seem. PL Vit. (1873) 255; Nadeaud, Enum. 

 PL Tab. (1873) n. 305; Hbd. Fl. Haw.Isl.(1888) 407; Engl. in Engl. et Prantl 

 Pflzfam. ITT. 1 (1888) 82 fig. 61; Del Cast. 111. Fl. Ins. Mar. Pacif. VII. (1892) 

 298, et Fl. Polyn. Franc. (1893) 196; Wilder Fr. Haw. Isl. (1911) pp. 101-106, pi. 

 48-51. Rademachia incisa Thunb. in Vet. Akad. Handl. Stockh. 38 (1776) 253. 

 Leaves coriaceous, pubescent, 3 dm or more in length, oblong in outline, pinnatifid, 



with acute or obtuse lobes; stipules 2, free, very large, rolled round the bud, soon caducous; 



male flowers on thick oblong, female flowers on large globose receptacles, both at first 



covered by 2 large bracts; male perigone of 2 divisions; style simple or 2-3 fid. 



The Ulu or Breadfruit has only one variety in the Hawaiian Islands, but has 

 many in the South Seas which are well known to the islanders of the Pacific, as, 

 for instance, in Samoa, Fiji and Tahiti, where they distinguish more than 24 

 sub-species or varieties, each one having its native name. The milky sap of the 

 tree is used by the Hawaiians for bird lime, and is chewed by the boys and girls 

 in Samoa. 



t 

 115 



