Apocynaceae. 



It inhabits the dry regions on the leeward sides of all the islands at an ele- 

 vation of about 2000 feet. On Lanai, in the valleys of Kaiholena and Mahana, 

 it develops a straight trunk ; the branches are somewhat stiff and densely 

 studded with leaf-scars. It associates with Eeynoldsia sandwicensis, Pitto- 

 sporum, Antidesma, and other trees peculiar to the dry regions. On Oahu it is 

 more or less shrubby, sepecially so in Niu Valley and on Tantalus, while on 

 Kauai big trees may be found above Makaweli. 



The wood of the Hao is of medium strength, fairly close grained, and dark 

 yellowish in color. It is never used for firewood, as the natives claim that the 

 smoke is poisonous. As it burns to ashes and leaves no charcoal, it was never 

 employed by the natives for the production of the latter. It is called the Ha- 

 waiian Ironwood on account of its durability. 



OCHROSIA Juss. 



Calyx small, deeply 5-cleft, with imbricate obtuse lobes, glandless. Corolla salver- 

 shaped, with cylindrical tube which is dilated at the point of the insertion of the stamens, 

 and is constricted at the glabrous throat, lobes dextrorse. Stamens oblong lanceolate, 

 with acute anthers. Discus wanting, or very indistinct, short, annular. Ovary superior 

 with few ovules in each cell arranged in two rows. Carpels frequently connate at the 

 base. Drupes in pairs or through abortion single, diverging, rather dry, united at the 

 base or free, with thin exocarp and wood}' endocarp which is dorsally compressed ano! 

 deeply furrowed on the ventral side. Seeds few, three for the most in a double drupe. 

 Trees 'with whorled coriaceous leaves, which are narrowly parallel-veined; flowers of 

 medium size and often very fragrant, arranged in cymes from the axils of the upper- 

 most leaves. 



The genus Ochrosia supposedly consists of 13 to 15 species, and extends from 

 the Mascarene Islands, through Malaysia and tropical Australia into Polynesia. 

 Only one species, Ochrosia parviflora (Forst.) Hemsl., is widely distributed over 

 the Pacific Islands. Ochrosia sandwicensis, one of the Hawaiian species, to- 

 gether with the New Caledonian Ochrosia elliptica, comes very near to Oclirosia 

 oppositifolia (0. borbonica} and may only be a variety of the latter. 



Ochrosia sandwicensis Gray. 



Holei. 

 (Plates 167, 168, 169.) 



OCHROSIA SANDWICENSIS Gray (not DC.) Proc. Am. Acad. V. (1862) 333; H. Mann 

 Proc. Am. Acad. VII. (1867) 197;-- -Wawra in Flora (1874) 366; Hbd. Fl. Haw. 

 Isl. (1888) 296; Del Cast. 111. Fl. Ins. Mar. Pac. VII. (1892) 234;-K. Schum. in 

 Engl. et Prantl Pflzfam. IV. 2. (1895) 156; Brigham in Ka Hana Kapa (1911) 

 154, fig. 2, (the plant figured in Dr. Brigham 's work is not Ochrosia sandicicensis, 

 but Xylomna HiUebrandii Wawra). 



Leaves 3 to 4 in a whorl, elongate oblong, on petioles of about 15 to 25 mm, shortly 

 acuminate, chartaceous, shining above, the close and faint nerves parallel and at almost 

 right angles to the midrib, and united by a distinct intramarginal nerve; cymes com- 

 pound, 10 to 16 cm long, divaricately branching, the angular peduncle about 3 cm r the 

 lateral pedicels about 3 to 4 mm, the medium flower subsessile; bracteoles short, ovate to 

 dentiform; calyx 2 to 7 mm with acute lanceolate teeth or lobes, corolla yellowish to 

 cream colored, quite fragrant, hairy inside, dilated below the throat, lobes linear oblong, 

 equal, stamens inserted above the middle, with short hairy filaments and elongate included 



413 



