Management of Light in Illumination. 159 



chimney. This opening at the upper part of the bal- 

 loon should be surrounded by a gallery of tin, japanned, 

 similar to that on the top of the conical screen, and for 

 the same use. 



This balloon screen must also have another opening 

 below, on one side, to make way for the projecting 

 handle of the lamp. The best way of fixing this screen 

 in its place is by means of a conical tube, fastened to 

 it on the inside of it, in the same manner as the conical 

 screen is fixed. 



Both these screens are indicated in the Fig. 2 by faint 

 dotted lines. 



When this lamp is used as a bed-chamber lamp, and 

 made to burn with a very small flame, its feeble light 

 may be almost entirely concealed by placing a conical 

 screen made of pasteboard over its conical screen of 

 gauze or crape. 



Though the principal merit of this lamp is its being 

 portable, yet, as it is not liable to spilling its oil, and 

 gives a clear, bright light, without either smoke or 

 smell, it is perfectly well calculated to serve as a table 

 lamp, even in elegant apartments, and also for lighting 

 dining-tables ; but, when it is intended to be used for 

 these purposes, it should be placed on a stand, suffi- 

 ciently elevated to raise its flame to the height of 1 2 or 

 15 inches. This additional height does not prevent its 

 being portable ; but, when it is lower, it appears to be 

 better adapted for being carried about in the hand. It 

 must, however, be made about nine inches in height, 

 otherwise there will not be room for the rack to de- 

 scend sufficiently low to allow of a wick being used of 

 a reasonable length. 



Many attempts have been made to improve the light 



