74 TJWGULATA. 



species the " splint-bones" did not unite with the third metapodial. 

 The specimens in the Museum indicate a great variation in size ; 

 those from the Pleistocene of Essex and Kent belonging to a very 

 large race, while those from the Brighton " elephant-bed " are equally 

 small, and some of the latter may perhaps belong to E. Jiemionus. 

 Variations in the form of the proximal articular surface of the third 

 metatarsal are noticeable in some instances. 



In the typical form the long diameter of the anterior " pillar " of 

 the upper cheek-teeth is equal to more than one third the length of 

 the crown ; the crowns are nearly straight and square ; the enamel- 

 plications are usually not very complex, there is no maxillary fossa, 

 and the maxilla is produced much behind m. 3. 



Hob. As a domestic animal, the greater part of the world ; in the 

 Pleistocene, Europe and Arctic America. 



45290. The parieto-frontal half of the cranium ; from the Pleisto- 

 cene of Ilford, Essex. 



Brady Collection. Purchased, 1878. 



41546. The cranium of a male about five years old ; from the 



turbary of Walthamstow, Essex. A very minute pm- 1 is 

 present on the left side. Purchased, 1869. 



41545. The cranium of a female about six and a half years old ; 

 from the turbary of Walthamstow. Purchased, 1869. 



41547. The cranium of a female of about the same age as the last ; 



from the turbary of Walthamstow. Purchased, 1869. 



41548. The cranium of a young individual; from the turbary of 



"Walthamstow. The alveolus of a very minute mm. 1 is 

 present on both sides ; the normal three milk-molars and 

 m. 1 are in use, while m. 2 is just protruding from its 

 alveolus. Purchased, 1869. 



46094-5. Two specimens of the occipital portion of the cranium : 

 dredged off the Eastern coast. (? E. stenonis.) 



Owles Collection. Purchased, 1874. 



47633. The middle portion of the cranium of a young individual ; 



(Fig.) from a cavern in Windmill Hill, Gibraltar. This specimen 

 is figured by Busk in the Trans. Zool. Soc. vol. x. pi. vii. 

 fig. 2 ; it shows the alveolus of mm. 1, and the three suc- 

 ceeding milk-molars of the left side, and on the right side 

 mm. 2 and mm. 3. Brome Collection. Presented, 1876. 



23742 e. The palate of a young individual, showing on the right 

 side the normal three milk-molars and m. 1 in alveolo, and 



